(Unioeste 2016) “I. Burgueses e proletários. A história de todas as sociedades até hoje existente é a história das lutas de classes. Homem livre e escravo, patrício e plebeu, senhor feudal e servo, mestre de corporação e companheiro, em resumo, opressores e oprimidos, em constante oposição, têm vivido numa guerra ininterrupta, ora franca, ora disfarçada; uma guerra que terminou sempre ou por uma transformação revolucionária da sociedade inteira, ou pela destruição das classes em conflito” (MARX, Karl. ENGELS, Friedrich. Manifesto Comunista. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2010, p. 40).
Assinale a alternativa CORRETA: para Karl Marx (1818-1883) como se originam as classes sociais?
As classes sociais se originam da divisão entre governantes e governados.
As classes sociais se originam da divisão entre os sexos.
As classes sociais se originam da divisão entre as gerações.
As classes sociais se originam da divisão do trabalho.
As classes sociais se originam da divisão das riquezas.
Gabarito:
As classes sociais se originam da divisão do trabalho.
A) Incorreta. A divisão entre governados e governantes dá origem aos governantes e os plebeus, mas não à classes sociais da forma como conhecemos ou como Marx comunica a nós (burguesia e proletariado).
B) Incorreta. Da divisão do sexo surge o gênero, não as classes sociais.
C) Correta. Isso gera gerações diferentes, apenas, não as classes sociais.
D) Incorreta. Durante a divisão do trabalho, é feita também a divisão dos meios, surgindo então as pessoas detentoras dos meios de produção e as pessoas não detentoras, que vendem sua força de trabalho. Assim, surge a classe dominante (burguesia) e a classe dominada (proletariado).
E) Incorreta. A divisão das riquezas diminuiria as diferenças de classe.
(Unioeste 2017) Em Terras do sem fim, quem é a personagem que, caracterizada pelo engrandecimento, aparece no romance através de histórias marcadas pela superstição, violência e desonestidade: venda da alma ao diabo, tocaia interesseira e mortes bárbaras: “cortara-lhe as orelhas, a língua, o nariz e os ovos”?
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(UNIOESTE - 2012)
Brazil presidency website hacked, jammed in attack claimed by Lulz collective
A cyber attack blocked traffic to the website of the Brazilian presidency and two other government sites on Wednesday, authorities said.
The Brazilian branch of the Lulz Security hacking collective claimed responsibility for the attacks.
Lulz members have claimed responsibility for recent attacks on the site of electronics giant Sony, along with the CIA web page and the U.S. Senate computer system.
The Brazilian president’s office said in a statement that attacks on the website of the presidency, along with the nation’s internal revenue service and a government portal began around 12:30 a.m. and lasted until 3 a.m.
The government said it stopped the hackers from obtaining data from the websites, but that the attacks made them inaccessible for about an hour.
Hours later, people who claimed to be Lulz members said on Twitter that they had taken down the website of oil company Petrobras, whose website was down Wednesday afternoon. Petrobras would not confirm whether the problems with its website were caused by an attack.
On a Twitter page in the name of the Brazilian branch of Lulz, posters justified the apparent attack on the Petrobras website by complaining about the price of gasoline in Brazil.
“Wake up Brazil! We no longer want to buy gas at 2.75 to 2.78 reals ($1.73 to $1.75) and export for half of that price!” stated one tweet from the group.
Adapted from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/americas/brazil-presidency-website-hacked-jammed-in-attack-claimed-by-lulz-collective/2011/06/22/AGb53KgH_story.html
Which verb form is used in the sentence: “Wake up Brazil!”.
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(UNIOESTE - 2012)
Brazil police occupy Rio favela in World Cup operation
Brazilian security forces have occupied one of Rio de Janeiro's biggest slums as part of a major crackdown ahead of the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Olympics.
Some 800 police and special forces moved into the Mangueira shantytown, without needing to fire a shot, having announced the raid in advance.
The slum – or favela – is close to Rio's famous Maracana stadium, where the World Cup final will be played.
The pre-dawn operation involved armoured vehicles and helicopters. According to the newspaper, O Globo, leaflets were thrown out of the helicopters, some with photos of wanted criminals. Others were printed with the police special forces' telephone number so that residents could pass on information about drugs traffickers or weapons.
BBC Brazil correspondent Paulo Cabral says most of Mangueira's residents co-operated with the operation, as they want to rid the area of drug dealers.
He says that Rio's authorities are making an effort to gain the trust of those living in the slums, who – after decades of abuse – have got used to seeing the police as their enemy.
Mangueira – home to one of Rio's most famous samba schools – is the 18th favela that the authorities have occupied recently.
Adapted from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-13833037
“got used to” refers to:
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