Questão 2935

(UFPEL - 2008)

Procon notifica Brahma e Skol por publicidade abusiva e lança campanha

O Procon-SP anunciou nesta sexta-feira que notificou a cervejaria AmBev por considerar abusivas propagandas da Skol e da Brahma.

A notificação à Skol deve-se ao filme "Musa", criado pela agência F/Nazca e veiculado em emissoras de todo o país. No comercial, a atriz Bárbara Borges é apresentada como a musa do verão. De biquíni, ela é clonada e depois entregue para diversos homens.

Para o Procon, a publicidade da Skol coloca a mulher como um "objeto de consumo", o que a [sic]  caracteriza como "publicidade abusiva", infringindo o Código de Defesa do Consumidor.

Já propaganda da Brahma mostra um torcedor que atravessa para o lado da torcida adversária no estádio para comprar cerveja. Ele consegue chegar no vendedor da Brahma e depois volta a seu lugar com as latas, que distribui aos amigos.

O Procon considera a propaganda abusiva porque a lei 9.470/96 proíbe a venda de cerveja nos estádios do Estado de São Paulo.

A diretora de Fiscalização do Procon-SP, Joung Won Kim, afirmou que o comercial induz o consumidor a acreditar que é permitido comprar cerveja no estádio. Ela afirma que, quando a pessoa descobre que isso é proibido, acha que está sendo privado de um direito indevidamente.

Nos dois casos, a AmBev foi notificada sobre a abertura do processo administrativo, que pode levar a uma multa. Mesmo nesse caso, a empresa pode recorrer à Justiça. Procurada, a assessoria de imprensa da AmBev informou que não vai comentar o assunto.

O Procon também informou que encerrou a análise de processo administrativo contra a Unilever em que considerou discriminatória e abusiva a publicidade da maioneses Hellman´s. Agora será aberto procedimento de multa, que pode variar entre R$ 212,81 a R$ 3,192 milhões.

A publicidade retrata um grupo tribal de origem africana, cujos homens são negros e tratados como canibais, e a caça é representada por um homem branco.

Para o Procon, que recebeu reclamações de consumidores, a propaganda de um produto que é utilizado por crianças, cidadãos que têm menor capacidade de discernimento, não pode contribuir para alimentar a segregação racial. A diretora executiva do Procon-SP, Eunice Prudente, disse que "não se devem tolerar, em hipótese alguma, publicidades que ferem os direitos dos afrodescendentes".

Procurada, a Unilever afirmou que não foi notificada pelo Procon oficialmente e que "só se pronunciará caso o fato venha a ocorrer".

Campanha

No próximo dia 21 de março, dia Mundial de Luta contra o Racismo, o Procon-SP inicia um processo de mobilização para fins de ações legais que visam coibir a prática de propaganda discriminatória.

O objetivo é a redação de um documento para ser encaminhado a autoridades de governos e da Justiça e demonstrar que a sociedade não aceita práticas discriminatórias na mídia.

Folha on line. Publicado em 17 de março de 2008.

É comum reconhecermos nas frases da língua portuguesa duas informações distintas: um conteúdo explícito e um conteúdo implícito. A frase "João continua a trabalhar no banco" declara que João trabalha atualmente no banco e pressupõe que João trabalhava no banco.

Marca a alternativa a seguir cuja informação apresentada é pressuposta pela frase do texto.

Questão 3411

(UFPel - 2007)

TEXTO 1

BULLYING

BULLYING HURTS...  inside and out!

Bullying is a common experience for many children and adolescents. Surveys indicate that as many as half of all children are bullied at some time during their school years, and at least 10% are bullied on a regular basis.

Bullying behavior can be physical or verbal. Boys tend to use physical intimidation or threats, regardless of the gender of their victims. Bullying by girls is more often verbal, usually with another girl .......... the target. Recently, bullying has even been reported in online chat rooms and through e-mail.

Children who are bullied experience real suffering that can interfere with their social and emotional development, .......... their school performance. Some victims of bullying have even attempted suicide RATHER THAN continue to endure such harassment and punishment.

Children and adolescents who bully thrive on controlling or dominating others. They have often been the victims of physical abuse or bullying themselves. Bullies may also be depressed, angry or upset about events at school or at home. Children targeted by bullies also tend to fit a particular profile. Bullies often choose children who are passive, easily intimidated, or have few friends. Victims may also be smaller or younger, and have a harder time defending themselves.

If you suspect your child is bullying others, it's important to seek help for him or her as soon as possible. Without intervention, bullying can lead to serious academic, social, emotional and legal difficulties. Talk to your child's pediatrician, teacher, principal, school counselor or family physician. If the bullying continues, a comprehensive evaluation by a child and adolescent psychiatrist or other mental health professional should be arranged. The evaluation can help you and your child understand what is causing the bullying, and help you develop a plan to stop the destructive behavior.

If you suspect your child may be the victim of bullying, ask him or her to tell you what's going on. You can help by providing lots of opportunities to talk with you in an open and honest way. 

It's also important to respond in a positive and accepting manner. Let your child know it's not his or her fault, and that he or she did the right thing by telling you. Other specific suggestions include the following:

- Ask your child what he or she thinks should be done. What's already been tried? What worked and what didn't?

- Seek help from your child's teacher or the school guidance counselor. Most bullying occurs on playgrounds, in lunchrooms, and bathrooms, on school buses or in unsupervised halls. Ask the school administrators to find out about programs other schools and communities have used to help combat bullying, .......... peer mediation, conflict resolution, and anger management training, and increased adult supervision.

- Don't encourage your child to fight back. Instead, suggest that he or she try walking away to avoid the bully, or that they seek help from a teacher, coach, or other adult.

- Help your child practice what to say to the bully so he or she will be prepared the next time.

- Help your child practice being assertive. The simple act of insisting that the bully leave him alone may have a surprising effect. Explain to your child that the bully's true goal is to get a response.

- Encourage your child to be with friends when traveling back and forth from school, during shopping trips or on other outings. Bullies are less likely to pick on a child in a group.

If your child becomes withdrawn, depressed or reluctant to go to school, or if you see a decline in school performance, additional consultation or intervention may be required. A child and adolescent psychiatrist or other mental health professional can help your child and family and the school develop a strategy to deal with the bullying. Seeking professional assistance earlier can lessen the risk of lasting emotional consequences for your child.

http://aacap.org/page.ww?name=Bullying§ion=Facts+for+Families

TEXTO 2

HIGH SCHOOL CLASSMATES SAY GUNMAN WAS BULLIED

BLACKSBURG, Va. - Long before he killed 32 people in the worst mass shooting in U.S. history, Seung-Hui Cho was bullied by fellow high school students who mocked his shyness and the strange way he talked, former classmates said.

Cho, 23, a senior English major at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, killed 32 people in two attacks before taking his own life Monday. He sent a large multi-media package outlining his grievances against religion and the wealthy to NBC News, but police said Thursday that the material added little to their investigation.

The text, photographs and video in the package bristle with hatred toward unspecified people whom Cho, a South Korean immigrant, accused of having wronged him, adding to a portrait of a solitary man who rarely, if ever, managed normal social interactions.

Chris Davids, a Virginia Tech student who graduated with Cho from Westfield High School in Chantilly, Va., in 2003, recalled that Cho almost never opened his mouth and would ignore attempts to STRIKE UP a conversation. 

Once, in an English class, the teacher had the students read aloud and, when it was Cho's turn, he just looked down in silence, Davids recalled in an interview with The Associated Press.

Finally, after the teacher threatened to give him a failing grade for participation, Cho started to read in a strange, deep voice that sounded "like he had something in his mouth," Davids said.

"As soon as he started reading, the whole class started laughing and pointing and saying, 'GO BACK to China,'" Davids said.

Among Cho's victims were Reema Samaha and Erin Peterson, who both graduated from Westfield High School last year. Police said it was not clear whether Cho SINGLED THEM OUT.

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18169776/ 

O texto 2 apresenta Seung-Hui Cho como 

Questão 3412

(UFPel - 2007) 

TEXTO 1

BULLYING

BULLYING HURTS...  inside and out!

Bullying is a common experience for many children and adolescents. Surveys indicate that as many as half of all children are bullied at some time during their school years, and at least 10% are bullied on a regular basis.

Bullying behavior can be physical or verbal. Boys tend to use physical intimidation or threats, regardless of the gender of their victims. Bullying by girls is more often verbal, usually with another girl .......... the target. Recently, bullying has even been reported in online chat rooms and through e-mail.

Children who are bullied experience real suffering that can interfere with their social and emotional development, .......... their school performance. Some victims of bullying have even attempted suicide RATHER THAN continue to endure such harassment and punishment.

Children and adolescents who bully thrive on controlling or dominating others. They have often been the victims of physical abuse or bullying themselves. Bullies may also be depressed, angry or upset about events at school or at home. Children targeted by bullies also tend to fit a particular profile. Bullies often choose children who are passive, easily intimidated, or have few friends. Victims may also be smaller or younger, and have a harder time defending themselves.

If you suspect your child is bullying others, it's important to seek help for him or her as soon as possible. Without intervention, bullying can lead to serious academic, social, emotional and legal difficulties. Talk to your child's pediatrician, teacher, principal, school counselor or family physician. If the bullying continues, a comprehensive evaluation by a child and adolescent psychiatrist or other mental health professional should be arranged. The evaluation can help you and your child understand what is causing the bullying, and help you develop a plan to stop the destructive behavior.

If you suspect your child may be the victim of bullying, ask him or her to tell you what's going on. You can help by providing lots of opportunities to talk with you in an open and honest way. 

It's also important to respond in a positive and accepting manner. Let your child know it's not his or her fault, and that he or she did the right thing by telling you. Other specific suggestions include the following:

- Ask your child what he or she thinks should be done. What's already been tried? What worked and what didn't?

- Seek help from your child's teacher or the school guidance counselor. Most bullying occurs on playgrounds, in lunchrooms, and bathrooms, on school buses or in unsupervised halls. Ask the school administrators to find out about programs other schools and communities have used to help combat bullying, .......... peer mediation, conflict resolution, and anger management training, and increased adult supervision.

- Don't encourage your child to fight back. Instead, suggest that he or she try walking away to avoid the bully, or that they seek help from a teacher, coach, or other adult.

- Help your child practice what to say to the bully so he or she will be prepared the next time.

- Help your child practice being assertive. The simple act of insisting that the bully leave him alone may have a surprising effect. Explain to your child that the bully's true goal is to get a response.

- Encourage your child to be with friends when traveling back and forth from school, during shopping trips or on other outings. Bullies are less likely to pick on a child in a group.

If your child becomes withdrawn, depressed or reluctant to go to school, or if you see a decline in school performance, additional consultation or intervention may be required. A child and adolescent psychiatrist or other mental health professional can help your child and family and the school develop a strategy to deal with the bullying. Seeking professional assistance earlier can lessen the risk of lasting emotional consequences for your child.

http://aacap.org/page.ww?name=Bullying§ion=Facts+for+Families

TEXTO 2

HIGH SCHOOL CLASSMATES SAY GUNMAN WAS BULLIED

BLACKSBURG, Va. - Long before he killed 32 people in the worst mass shooting in U.S. history, Seung-Hui Cho was bullied by fellow high school students who mocked his shyness and the strange way he talked, former classmates said.

Cho, 23, a senior English major at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, killed 32 people in two attacks before taking his own life Monday. He sent a large multi-media package outlining his grievances against religion and the wealthy to NBC News, but police said Thursday that the material added little to their investigation.

The text, photographs and video in the package bristle with hatred toward unspecified people whom Cho, a South Korean immigrant, accused of having wronged him, adding to a portrait of a solitary man who rarely, if ever, managed normal social interactions.

Chris Davids, a Virginia Tech student who graduated with Cho from Westfield High School in Chantilly, Va., in 2003, recalled that Cho almost never opened his mouth and would ignore attempts to STRIKE UP a conversation. 

Once, in an English class, the teacher had the students read aloud and, when it was Cho's turn, he just looked down in silence, Davids recalled in an interview with The Associated Press.

Finally, after the teacher threatened to give him a failing grade for participation, Cho started to read in a strange, deep voice that sounded "like he had something in his mouth," Davids said.

"As soon as he started reading, the whole class started laughing and pointing and saying, 'GO BACK to China,'" Davids said.

Among Cho's victims were Reema Samaha and Erin Peterson, who both graduated from Westfield High School last year. Police said it was not clear whether Cho SINGLED THEM OUT.

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18169776/ 

O termo "bullying", que ainda não tem tradução na língua portuguesa, refere-se a uma atitude bastante comum no ambiente escolar do mundo inteiro. De acordo com o texto 1, podemos entendê-lo como 

Questão 5180

(Ufpel 2007) O olho humano é um sofisticado sistema óptico que pode sofrer pequenas variações na sua estrutura, ocasionando os defeitos da visão. 
Com base em seus conhecimentos, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I. No olho míope, a imagem nítida se forma atrás da retina, e esse defeito da visão é corrigido usando uma lente divergente.
II. No olho com hipermetropia, a imagem nítida se forma atrás da retina, e esse defeito da visão é corrigido usando uma lente convergente.
III. No olho com astigmatismo, que consiste na perda da focalização em determinadas direções, a sua correção é feita com lentes cilíndricas.
IV. No olho com presbiopia, ocorre uma dificuldade de acomodação do cristalino, e esse defeito da visão é corrigido mediante o uso de uma lente divergente.
Está(ão) correta(s) apenas a(s) afirmativa(s)