FUVEST 2013

Questão 17412

(FUVEST - 2013) O fitoplâncton consiste em um conjunto de organismos microscópicos encontrados em certos ambientes aquáticos. O desenvolvimento desses organismos requer luz e CO₂, para o processo de fotossíntese, e requer também nutrientes contendo os elementos nitrogênio e fósforo. Considere a tabela que mostra dados de pH e de concentrações de nitrato e de oxigênio dissolvidos na água, para amostras coletadas durante o dia, em dois diferentes pontos (A e B) e em duas épocas do ano (maio e novembro), na represa Billings, em São Paulo.

Com base nas informações da tabela e em seus próprios conhecimentos sobre o processo de fotossíntese, um pesquisador registrou três conclusões:

I. Nessas amostras, existe uma forte correlação entre as concentrações de nitrato e de oxigênio dissolvidos na água.

II. As amostras de água coletadas em novembro devem ter menos CO₂ dissolvido do que aquelas coletadas em maio.

III. Se as coletas tivessem sido feitas à noite, o pH das quatro amostras de água seria mais baixo do que o observado.

É correto o que o pesquisador concluiu em

Questão 17413

(FUVEST - 2013) Admite-se que as cenouras sejam originárias da região do atual Afeganistão, tendo sido levadas para outras partes do mundo por viajantes ou invasores. Com base em relatos escritos, pode-se dizer que as cenouras devem ter sido levadas à Europa no século XII e, às Américas, no início do século XVII. Em escritos anteriores ao século XVI, há referência apenas a cenouras de cor roxa, amarela ou vermelha. É possível que as cenouras de cor laranja sejam originárias dos Países Baixos, e que tenham sido desenvolvidas, inicialmente, à época do Príncipe de Orange (1533-1584).

No Brasil, são comuns apenas as cenouras laranja, cuja cor se deve à presença do pigmento betacaroteno, representado a seguir.

Com base no descrito acima, e considerando corretas as hipóteses ali aventadas, é possível afirmar que as cenouras de coloração laranja

Questão 17415

(FUVEST - 2013)

Time was, advertising was a relatively simple undertaking: buy some print space and airtime, create the spots, and blast them at a captive audience. Today it’s chaos: while passive viewers still exist, mostly we pick and choose what to consume, ignoring ads with a touch of the DVR remote. Ads are forced to become more like content, and the best aim to engage consumers so much that they pass the material on to friends – by email, Twitter, Facebook – who will pass it on to friends, who will… you get the picture. In the industry, “viral” has become a usefully vague way to describe any campaign that spreads from person to person, acquiring its own momentum.

It’s not that online advertising has eclipsed TV, but it has become its full partner – and in many ways the more substantive one, a medium in which the audience must be earned, not simply bought.

Newsweek, March 26 & April 2, 2012. Adaptado.

De acordo com o texto, a indústria publicitária

Questão 17416

(FUVEST 2013)

             Time was, advertising was a relatively simple undertaking: buy some print space and airtime, create the spots, and blast them at a captive audience. Today it’s chaos: while passive viewers still exist, mostly we pick and choose what to consume, ignoring ads with a touch of the DVR remote. Ads are forced to become more like content, and the best aim to engage consumers so much that they pass the material on to friends – by email, Twitter, Facebook – who will pass it on to friends, who will… you get the picture. In the industry, “viral” has become a usefully vague way to describe any campaign that spreads from person to person, acquiring its own momentum.
             It’s not that online advertising has eclipsed TV, but it has become its full partner – and in many ways the more substantive one, a medium in which the audience must be earned, not simply bought.

Newsweek, March 26 & April 2, 2012. Adaptado

No texto, a palavra “viral” refere-se a

Questão 17417

(FUVEST - 2013)

             Time was, advertising was a relatively simple undertaking: buy some print space and airtime, create the spots, and blast them at a captive audience. Today it’s chaos: while passive viewers still exist, mostly we pick and choose what to consume, ignoring ads with a touch of the DVR remote. Ads are forced to become more like content, and the best aim to engage consumers so much that they pass the material on to friends – by email, Twitter, Facebook – who will pass it on to friends, who will… you get the picture. In the industry, “viral” has become a usefully vague way to describe any campaign that spreads from person to person, acquiring its own momentum.
             It’s not that online advertising has eclipsed TV, but it has become its full partner – and in many ways the more substantive one, a medium in which the audience must be earned, not simply bought.

Newsweek, March 26 & April 2, 2012. Adaptado

Afirma-se, no texto, que, diferentemente da TV, na publicidade online a audiência tem de ser

Questão 17418

(FUVEST - 2013)   

Missing Out: In Praise of the Unlived Life is Adam Phillips's 17th book and is a characteristic blend of literary criticism and philosophical reflection packaged around a central idea. The theme here is missed opportunities, roads not taken, alternative versions of our lives and ourselves, all of which, Phillips argues, exert a powerful hold over our imaginations. Using a series of examples and close readings of authors including Philip Larkin and Shakespeare, the book suggests that a broader understanding of life's inevitable disappointments and thwarted desires can enable us to live fuller, richer lives. Good things come to those who wait.

Does he see himself as a champion of frustration? “I'm not on the side of frustration exactly, so much as the idea that one has to be able to bear frustration in order for satisfaction to be realistic. I'm interested in how the culture of consumer capitalism depends on the idea that we can't bear frustration, so that every time we feel a bit restless or bored or irritable, we eat, or we shop.”

guardian.co.uk, 1 June 2012. Adaptado.

Segundo o texto, o livro Missing Out: In Praise of the Unlived Life sugere que

Questão 17419

(FUVEST 2013)   

         Missing Out: In Praise of the Unlived Life is Adam Phillips's 17th book and is a characteristic blend of literary criticism and philosophical reflection packaged around a central idea. The theme here is missed opportunities, roads not taken, alternative versions of our lives and ourselves, all of which, Phillips argues, exert a powerful hold over our imaginations. Using a series of examples and close readings of authors including Philip Larkin and Shakespeare, the book suggests that a broader understanding of life's inevitable disappointments and thwarted desires can enable us to live fuller, richer lives. Good things come to those who wait.

             Does he see himself as a champion of frustration? “I'm not on the side of frustration exactly, so much as the idea that one has to be able to bear frustration in order for satisfaction to be realistic. I'm interested in how the culture of consumer capitalism depends on the idea that we can't bear frustration, so that every time we feel a bit restless or bored or irritable, we eat, or we shop.”
 

guardian.co.uk, 1 June 2012. Adaptado.

No texto, em resposta à pergunta “Does he see himself as a champion of frustration?”, o autor do livro argumenta ser necessário que as pessoas
 

Questão 17421

No experimento descrito a seguir, dois corpos, feitos de um mesmo material, de densidade uniforme, um cilíndrico e o outro com forma de paralelepípedo, são colocados dentro de uma caixa, como ilustra a figura (vista de cima). 

Um feixe fino de raios X, com intensidade constante, produzido pelo gerador G, atravessa a caixa e atinge o detector D, colocado do outro lado. Gerador e detector estão acoplados e podem mover-se sobre um trilho. O conjunto Gerador-Detector é então lentamente deslocado ao longo da direção x, registrando-se a intensidade da radiação no detector, em função de x. A seguir, o conjunto Gerador-Detector é reposicionado, e as medidas são repetidas ao longo da direção y. As intensidades I detectadas ao longo das direções x e y são mais bem representadas por

Questão 17422

No circuito da figura, a diferença de potencial, em módulo, entre os pontos A e B é de

Questão 17423

Um raio proveniente de uma nuvem transportou para o solo uma carga de 10 C sob uma diferença de potencial de 100 milhões de volts. A energia liberada por esse raio é