FUVEST 2014

Questão 11879

(FUVEST 2014) Considere as anamorfoses:

As condições da produção agrícola, no Brasil, são bastante heterogêneas, porém alguns aspectos estão presentes em todas as regiões do País. Nas anamorfoses acima, estão representadas formas de produção agrícola das diferentes regiões administrativas.

Assinale a alternativa que contém, respectivamente, a produção agrícola representada em I e em II.

Questão 11880

(FUVEST 2014) Observe o mapa da distribuição dos drones (veículos aéreos não tripulados) norte-americanos na África e no Oriente Médio.

Em suas declarações, o governo norte-americano justifica o uso dos drones, principalmente, como

Questão 11881

(FUVEST 2014) O gráfico abaixo exibe a distribuição percentual do consumo de energia mundial por tipo de fonte.

Com base no gráfico e em seus conhecimentos, identifique, na escala mundial, a afirmação correta.

Questão 11882

(FUVEST 2014)

      O local e o global determinam-se reciprocamente, umas vezes de modo congruente e consequente, outras de modo desigual e desencontrado. Mesclam-se e tensionam-se singularidades, particularidades e universalidades. Conforme Anthony Giddens, “A globalização pode assim ser definida como a intensificação das relações sociais em escala mundial, que ligam localidades distantes de tal maneira que acontecimentos locais são modelados por eventos ocorrendo a muitas milhas de distância e vice-versa. Este é um processo dialético porque tais acontecimentos locais podem se deslocar numa direção inversa às relações muito distanciadas que os modelam. A transformação local é, assim, uma parte da globalização”.

Octávio Ianni, Estudos Avançados. USP. São Paulo, 1994. Adaptado.

Neste texto, escrito no final do século XX, o autor refere-se a um processo que persiste no século atual. A partir desse texto, pode-se inferir que esse processo leva à

Questão 11883

(FUVEST 2014) Na atualidade, o número de pessoas atingidas por desastres naturais, no mundo, vem aumentando. Em 2012, foram registrados 905 grandes eventos desse tipo no planeta. Esses eventos podem ser de natureza geofísica, climática, meteorológica e hidrológica, entre outras.

No mapa acima, estão indicadas áreas mais suscetíveis à ocorrência de alguns tipos de desastres naturais. A área assinalada no mapa e os fenômenos mais suscetíveis de nela ocorrer estão corretamente indicados em:

Questão 11884

(FUVEST 2014) Após o Tratado de Tordesilhas (1494), por meio do qual Portugal e Espanha dividiram as terras emersas com uma linha imaginária, verifica-se um “descobrimento gradual” do atual território brasileiro.

Tendo em vista o processo da formação territorial do País, considere as ocorrências e as representações abaixo:

Ocorrências:

1. Tratado de Madrid (1750);
2. Tratado de Petrópolis (1903);
3. Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil (1988)/consolidação da atual divisão dos Estados.

Associe a ocorrência com sua correta representação:

Questão 11885

(FUVEST - 2014)

      A wave of anger is sweeping the cities of the world. The protests have many different origins. In Brazil people rose up against bus fares, in Turkey against a building project. Indonesians have rejected higher fuel prices. In the euro zone they march against austerity, and the Arab spring has become a perma-protest against pretty much everything.

      Yet just as in 1848, 1968 and 1989, when people also found a collective voice, the demonstrators have much in common. In one country after another, protesters have risen up with bewildering speed. They tend to be ordinary, middle class people, not lobbies with lists of demands. Their mix of revelry and rage condemns the corruption, inefficiency and arrogance of the folk in charge.

      Nobody can know how 2013 will change the world – if at all. In 1989 the Soviet empire teetered and fell. But Marx’s belief that 1848 was the first wave of a proletarian revolution was confounded by decades of flourishing capitalism and 1968 did more to change sex than politics. Even now, though, the inchoate significance of 2013 is discernible. And for politicians who want to peddle the same old stuff, news is not good.

The Economist, June 29, 2013. Adaptado.

Segundo o texto, os protestos de 2013, em diversos lugares do mundo,

Questão 11886

(FUVEST - 2014)

      A wave of anger is sweeping the cities of the world. The protests have many different origins. In Brazil people rose up against bus fares, in Turkey against a building project. Indonesians have rejected higher fuel prices. In the euro zone they march against austerity, and the Arab spring has become a perma-protest against pretty much everything.

      Yet just as in 1848, 1968 and 1989, when people also found a collective voice, the demonstrators have much in common. In one country after another, protesters have risen up with bewildering speed. They tend to be ordinary, middle class people, not lobbies with lists of demands. Their mix of revelry and rage condemns the corruption, inefficiency and arrogance of the folk in charge.

      Nobody can know how 2013 will change the world – if at all. In 1989 the Soviet empire teetered and fell. But Marx’s belief that 1848 was the first wave of a proletarian revolution was confounded by decades of flourishing capitalism and 1968 did more to change sex than politics. Even now, though, the inchoate significance of 2013 is discernible. And for politicians who want to peddle the same old stuff, news is not good.

The Economist, June 29, 2013. Adaptado.

Ao comparar os protestos de 2013 com movimentos políticos passados, afirma-se, no texto, que

Questão 11887

(FUVEST 2014)

      To live the longest and healthiest life possible, get smarter. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) data show that past a certain threshold, health and wealth are just weakly correlated. However, overall health is closely tied to how many years people spend in school. Mexico, for instance, has a fifth the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States, but, for women, more than 50 percent of the latter’s schooling.

      In line with the trend, Mexico’s female adult mortality rate is only narrowly higher. Vietnam and Yemen have roughly equivalent per capita GDP. Yet Vietnamese women average 6.3 more years in school and are half as likely to die between the ages of 15 and 60. “Economic growth is also significantly associated with child mortality reductions, but the magnitude of the association is much smaller than that of increased education,” comments Emmanuela Gakidou, IHME’s director of education and training. “One year of schooling gives you about 10 percent lower mortality rates, whereas with a 10 percent increase in GDP, your mortality rate would go down only by 1 to 2 percent.”

Discover, May 31, 2013. Adaptado.

O argumento central do texto é o de que níveis mais altos de escolaridade estão diretamente relacionados a

Questão 11888

(FUVEST 2014)

      To live the longest and healthiest life possible, get smarter. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) data show that past a certain threshold, health and wealth are just weakly correlated. However, overall health is closely tied to how many years people spend in school. Mexico, for instance, has a fifth the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States, but, for women, more than 50 percent of the latter’s schooling.

      In line with the trend, Mexico’s female adult mortality rate is only narrowly higher. Vietnam and Yemen have roughly equivalent per capita GDP. Yet Vietnamese women average 6.3 more years in school and are half as likely to die between the ages of 15 and 60. “Economic growth is also significantly associated with child mortality reductions, but the magnitude of the association is much smaller than that of increased education,” comments Emmanuela Gakidou, IHME’s director of education and training. “One year of schooling gives you about 10 percent lower mortality rates, whereas with a 10 percent increase in GDP, your mortality rate would go down only by 1 to 2 percent.”

Discover, May 31, 2013. Adaptado.

No texto, ao se comparar o México aos Estados Unidos, afirma-se que, no México,