FUVEST 2012

Questão 59796

(UFRGS 2012) Diversos fatores motivaram a denominada "Crise do século XIV", ocorrida na Europa da Baixa Idade Média. Dentre esses fatores, pode-se citar corretamente

Questão 60383

No esquema seguinte, que representa uma unidade de tratamento de água, são apresentados os reagentes químicos usados e as principais etapas de separação.

É correto afirmar que o produto da interação da cal (CaO) com a água e os nomes dos processos de separação mostrados nas etapas 2 e 3 são, respectivamente:

Questão 60591

(UFSM - 2012)  TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:

Smart Jocks: Sport Helps Kids Classroom Performance

When kids exercise, they boost brainpower as well as brawn

By Steve Ayan | September 9, 2010

⁵Despite frequent reports that regular exercise benefits the adult brain, when it comes to schoolchildren, the concept of the dumb jock persists. The star quarterback stands in stark contrast to the math-team champion. After all, the two types require seemingly disparate talents: physical prowess versus intellect. Letting kids run around or throw a ball seems, at best, tangential to the real work of learning and, at worst, a distraction from ¹it.

Parents, teachers and education policy makers have pitted athletics against academics even as they trumpet exercise as an antidote to obesity and poor health. From preschool onward, teachers encourage children to sit still ⁷rather than scamper. Many schools have cut back on physical education to make room for the three R's. ⁴And when student scores on standardized tests become of primary importance to parents, politicians or other stakeholders in the education system, educators may feel pressured to direct students toward academic pursuits and away from athletic ones.

In Brief

Students who are fit — based on their high aerobic capacity and low body fat — also tend to perform well in school and on standardized tests.

⁶In addition to regular exercise, brief periods of movement such as jumping or stretching ²can help improve children's concentration.

Exercise ³may turbocharge the brain by raising levels of neuronal growth factors, which foster the formation of new connections between brain cells.

Fonte: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=smart-jocks

Glossário

Brawn = força física.

Growth = crescimento.

Jock = esportista, atleta.

Prowess = talento, habilidade.

To pit sb/sth against sth = testar, pôr à prova.

To scamper = mexer-se, agitar-se, mover-se.

To stretch = alongar-se.

Associe as colunas, indicando a relação lógica estabelecida por cada um dos marcadores em negrito nos fragmentos.

1. "And when student scores on standardized tests [...]" (ref. 4)

2. “Despite frequent reports that regular exercise benefits […]" (ref. 5)

3. “In addition to regular exercise […]" (ref. 6)

(     ) soma

(     ) tempo

(     ) concessão

Questão 60830

(UDESC - 2012)

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:

2012’s Second Sun

Earth is believed to be getting a second sun burning in the sky near the end of 2012, as the second biggest star in the universe, Betelgeuse, is dying, which will lead to “multiple days of constant daylight.”

Many ancient cultures ⁴have speculated about the appearance of a second sun and this event appears to ¹tie in very closely with the December 21 2012 predictions.

Betelgeuse is the second ²biggest star in the universe and the eighth ³brightest in the night sky, Scientists ⁵have determined that the star is losing mass at a rapid rate, which indicates it will go supernova very soon.

The light emitted from this exploding star will be so bright that it will appear for a few weeks at the end of 2012 as a second sun in the sky. There may be little if no period of darkness or night according to senior lecturer of physics at the University of Southern Queensland, Brad Carter.

Earth will experience “brightness for a brief period of time for a couple of weeks and then over the coming months it begins to fade and then eventually it will be very hard to see at all,” explained the Australian scientist Brad Carter to news.com.au.

Scientist ⁶have known about this dying star which is 640 light years away from Earth, since 2005. It is believed that as Betelgeuse goes supernova it will not be harmful to Earth. “There will be neutrinos emitted during the supernova process, said University of Minnesota physics professor Priscilla Cushman, but neutrinos, even lots and lots of them, are only weakly interacting, so they won't affect life on earth,” but that is only speculation at this point.

The fact is, we as human beings have never experienced anything like this before so close to our home planet, and to be honest, we just don’t know for sure what this event could bring.

(www.december212012.com) on 30/08/11

Mark the correct alternative

The phrasal verb "tie in" (ref. 1) means:

Questão 60904

(Unimontes 2012)

Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, além de se formarem os grandes blocos, diversos países se reuniram em organizações geopolíticas e econômicas, constituindo blocos econômicos regionais de diversos tipos.

Fonte: TERRA, L. e COELHO, M. de A. Geografia Geral e Geografia do Brasil: O espaço natural e socioeconômico. São Paulo: Moderna, 2005.

Considerando a integração econômica que ocorre no interior dos blocos regionais, relacione as colunas.

1 - Mercado comum
2 - Zona de livre comércio
3 - União aduaneira

(  ) Circulação de bens com taxas alfandegárias reduzidas ou eliminadas.
(  ) Padronização de tarifas para diversos itens relacionadas ao comércio com países que não pertencem ao bloco.
(  ) Livre circulação comercial e financeira de pessoas, bens e serviços.

Assinale a sequência correta.

Questão 60971

(Fgv 2012)

Analise os gráficos sobre meios de transporte no Brasil.

Comparando os gráficos, pode-se concluir que:

Questão 61003

(MACKENZIE - 2012)

Go Easy on Yourself

By Stuart Bradford

Do you treat yourself as well as you treat your friends and family?

That simple question is the basis for a new area of psychological research called self-compassion — how ________ (I) people view themselves. People who find it ________ (II) to be supportive and understanding to others often score ________ (III) low on self-compassion tests. They get ________ (IV) with themselves for perceived failures like being overweight or not exercising.

ANXIOUS

The research suggests that accepting our imperfections may be the first step toward better health. People who score high on tests of self-compassion have less depression and anxiety, and tend to be happier and more optimistic. Preliminary data suggest that self-compassion can even influence how much we eat and may help some people lose weight.

This idea does contrast with the advice of many doctors and self-help books, which suggest that willpower and self-discipline are the keys to better health. But Kristin Neff, a pioneer in the field, says self-compassion is not to be confused with self-indulgence or lower standards.

“I found in my research that the biggest reason people aren’t more self-compassionate is that they are afraid they’ll become self-indulgent,” said Dr. Neff, an associate professor of human development at the University of Texas at Austin. “They believe self-criticism is what keeps them in line. Most people have gotten it wrong because our culture says being hard on yourself is the way to be.”

(www.nytimes.com)

The words that properly fill in the blanks I, II, III and IV in the text are

Questão 61174

(UFPR - 2013) 

Considere a seguinte informação extraída de uma notícia de jornal:

43% dos domicílios do Brasil são inadequados para moradia, diz IBGE. Taxa representa 24,7 milhões dos 57,5 milhões de lares no país em 2008. Em 1992, porém, 63,2% das casas não eram consideradas adequadas.

A conexão entre as afirmações feita com o uso de “porém” destaca que os índices de domicílios inadequados para moradia em 2008 e 1992:

Questão 61322

(Mackenzie 2012) 

A Questão Basca: grupo separatista ETA anuncia trégua permanente.

Silvana Aline Soares Simon (Divulgação Científica em Relações Internacionais) – 10/01/2011

A imprensa internacional, nas últimas décadas, tem dado destaque às atividades do grupo basco ETA que, por meio de seus atentados, se chocava com o Estado espanhol. No último dia 10 de janeiro, 51 anos após o início de suas atividades, o grupo anunciou, no jornal independente basco Gara, uma trégua geral e permanente.

A respeito do tema, é correto afirmar que 

Questão 61506

(UFU 2012) De um ponto de vista histórico, a Sociologia como disciplina científica surgiu ao longo do século XIX, como uma resposta acadêmica para os novos desafios da modernidade. Além das concepções advindas da Revolução Francesa e dos fortes impactos gerados pela Revolução Industrial na estrutura da sociedade, muitos outros processos também contribuíram para essa nova configuração da sociedade.

Em seu desenvolvimento ao longo do século XIX, a Sociologia esperava entender