FUVEST 2017

Questão 35594

(UEL 2017)

Analise o mapa, a seguir, da densidade da população brasileira em 2004

(SIMIELLI, M. E. Geoatlas básico. 60. Brasil. População. São Paulo: Ática, 2006.)

Em tons mais escuros, destacam-se as áreas com altas concentrações de habitantes. Com base nessas informações, responda aos itens a seguir.

a) Como se calcula a densidade da população de uma área?

b) Indique três Estados que apresentam, em grande parte de sua área territorial, densidade populacional de menos de 1 hab/km².

Questão 35595

(UEL 2017)

Leia o texto a seguir.

O Brasil é signatário da Convenção das Nações Unidas de 1951 sobre o Estatuto dos Refugiados e do seu Protocolo de 1967. Em julho de 1997, promulgou a Lei de Refúgio nº 9.474/1997, que contempla os principais instrumentos regionais e internacionais sobre o tema e que garante documentos básicos aos refugiados, incluindo carteira de identidade e de trabalho, da liberdade de ir e vir no território nacional e outros direitos civis. Nos últimos cinco anos, as solicitações de refúgio no Brasil passaram de 966, em 2010, para 28.670, em 2015.

(Adaptado de: . Acesso em: 3 out. 2016.)

Nesse contexto, o Brasil recebeu um grande número de refugiados, sobretudo, de um país asiático, no qual mais da metade da população foi forçada a deixar as suas casas.

Indique o nome desse país, a região geográfica de origem e a principal causa do grande fluxo de refugiados, que ocorre desde março de 2011.

Questão 35672

(UNESP - 2017 - 2ª FASE)

Leia o texto para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

Objectification of women in the media hinders gender equality – NCPE

June 8, 2016

The National Commission for the Promotion of Equality (NCPE) today expressed its concern with regards to the objectification of women’s bodies in the media, including online media. Over the past months, the Commission has received a number of objections from the public with regards to videos and statements that depict women in an over-sexualised manner and reinforce negative gender stereotypes in society.

NCPE condemned these representations and stresses that those involved in the media should refrain from issuing material which objectifies and sexualises women and girls. The pervasive sexualisation of women and girls in media representations reinforces the stereotype that a woman’s value is determined by her physical appearance and that woman’s primary role is that of pleasing men. This correlates with unequal relations in society and has a direct adverse impact on women’s equal participation in all spheres of life as well as sexual harassment.

NCPE said it works towards gender equality and respect and dignity for all persons.

www.independent.com

O que preocupa a NCPE? O que motivou o seu pronunciamento?

Questão 35673

(UNESP - 2017 - 2ª FASE)

Leia o texto para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

Objectification of women in the media hinders gender equality – NCPE

June 8, 2016

The National Commission for the Promotion of Equality (NCPE) today expressed its concern with regards to the objectification of women’s bodies in the media, including online media. Over the past months, the Commission has received a number of objections from the public with regards to videos and statements that depict women in an over-sexualised manner and reinforce negative gender stereotypes in society.

NCPE condemned these representations and stresses that those involved in the media should refrain from issuing material which objectifies and sexualises women and girls. The pervasive sexualisation of women and girls in media representations reinforces the stereotype that a woman’s value is determined by her physical appearance and that woman’s primary role is that of pleasing men. This correlates with unequal relations in society and has a direct adverse impact on women’s equal participation in all spheres of life as well as sexual harassment.

NCPE said it works towards gender equality and respect and dignity for all persons.

www.independent.com

De acordo com o segundo parágrafo, o que a sexualização da imagem da mulher, de forma ampla na mídia, reforça? Quais as suas consequências?

Questão 35674

(UNESP - 2017 - 2ª FASE)

Leia o texto para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

What is a glass ceiling?

The phrase ‘glass ceiling’ refers to an invisible barrier that prevents someone from achieving further success. It is most often used in the context of someone’s age, gender, or ethnicity keeping them from advancing to a certain point in a business or when he or she cannot or will not be promoted to a higher level of position/power. Glass ceilings are most often observed in the workplace and are usually a barrier to achieving power and success equal to that of a more dominant population. An example would be a woman who has better skills, talent, and education than her male peers but is obviously being passed over for promotions.

The glass ceiling metaphor in the business world is a reference to an employee’s rise up the ranks of an organization. In theory, nothing prevents a woman from being promoted, but women can see that the higher they are in the company, the more promotions, pay raises, and opportunities they should have. Instead of being able to achieve the same success as peers, those who encounter glass ceilings are stopped by invisible obstacles that prevent them from rising further.

The frustrating thing about this kind of oppression is that it is covert and cannot be seen. Instead of being a tangible barrier that would be easy to identify, a glass ceiling in the workplace persists in very subtle ways.

http://study.com

De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo, o que significa “teto de vidro”? Quais fatores são frequentemente associados a esse fenômeno e em que esfera ocorre com maior frequência?

Questão 35675

(UNESP - 2017 - 2ª FASE)

Leia o texto para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

What is a glass ceiling?

The phrase ‘glass ceiling’ refers to an invisible barrier that prevents someone from achieving further success. It is most often used in the context of someone’s age, gender, or ethnicity keeping them from advancing to a certain point in a business or when he or she cannot or will not be promoted to a higher level of position/power. Glass ceilings are most often observed in the workplace and are usually a barrier to achieving power and success equal to that of a more dominant population. An example would be a woman who has better skills, talent, and education than her male peers but is obviously being passed over for promotions.

The glass ceiling metaphor in the business world is a reference to an employee’s rise up the ranks of an organization. In theory, nothing prevents a woman from being promoted, but women can see that the higher they are in the company, the more promotions, pay raises, and opportunities they should have. Instead of being able to achieve the same success as peers, those who encounter glass ceilings are stopped by invisible obstacles that prevent them from rising further.

The frustrating thing about this kind of oppression is that it is covert and cannot be seen. Instead of being a tangible barrier that would be easy to identify, a glass ceiling in the workplace persists in very subtle ways.

http://study.com

De acordo com as informações do segundo e terceiro parágrafos, de que forma o “teto de vidro” se manifesta em relação às mulheres no mundo empresarial? Como o “teto de vidro” pode ser identificado?

Questão 35676

(UNESP - 2017/2 - 2ª FASE)

Leia os textos 1 e 2 para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

Texto 1
In Brazil, recession and housing cuts push families onto the street

The country’s economic crisis and the high cost of living in big cities are forcing thousands onto the street, said Miriam Gomes, founder of Anjinho Feliz community center. She has never seen it this bad. “I’ve seen a 70 percent increase in the number of homeless over the last three years,” said Gomes, as volunteers buzzed around the center distributing food. “In the past, most homeless were adult males; now there are far more women and kids living on the streets,” she told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.

About 14,000 people are living on the streets of Rio de Janeiro, a city of about 6.5 million, according to data from the municipal government. That’s a sharp increase over a decade ago in a trend seen across Brazil’s other big cities, according to government data and community workers. In Sao Paulo, the number of people sleeping rough on the streets nearly doubled between 2000 and 2015 to 15,906 people, according to that city’s municipal government. Homelessness in Brazilian cities is generally defined as people who regularly sleep outside on the streets, rather than just those who lack a permanent address.

National housing initiatives such as Brazil’s multi-billion dollar “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” building program, which provided a lifeline to some homeless families, have been cut. “The waiting list for ‘Minha Casa, Minha Vida’ is huge,” said Gomes. “And the homeless shelters are so awful that people would rather stay on the street.” Other public services upon which the poor and homeless depend such as healthcare are also under strain, according to government officials and campaigners.

Chris Arsenault. www.reuters.com, 07.02.2017. Adaptado.

Texto 2
Number of rough sleepers in England rises for sixth successive year

The number of people sleeping rough in England has risen for the sixth year in a row, according to the latest official figures. An estimated 4,134 people bedded down outside in 2016, according to the snapshot survey, an increase of 16% on the previous year’s figure of 3,569, and more than double the 2010 figure.

John Healey, Labour’s housing spokesman, said: “This is a direct result of decisions made by Conservative Ministers: a steep drop in investment for affordable homes, crude cuts to housing benefit and reduced funding for homelessness services.”

UK nationals made up the biggest share of the total rough-sleeping figure, with 17% from European Union (EU) states and 5% from non-EU countries. Women made up 12% of rough sleepers.

Rough sleepers are defined for the purposes of official counts as people sleeping on the street and other places not designed for habitation. It does not include people in hostels or shelters or formal temporary accommodation.

Patrick Butler. www.theguardian.com, 25.01.2017. Adaptado.

A que se atribui o aumento da população em situação de rua no Brasil? E na Inglaterra?

Questão 35677

(UNESP - 2017/2 - 2ª FASE)

Leia os textos 1 e 2 para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

Texto 1
In Brazil, recession and housing cuts push families onto the street

The country’s economic crisis and the high cost of living in big cities are forcing thousands onto the street, said Miriam Gomes, founder of Anjinho Feliz community center. She has never seen it this bad. “I’ve seen a 70 percent increase in the number of homeless over the last three years,” said Gomes, as volunteers buzzed around the center distributing food. “In the past, most homeless were adult males; now there are far more women and kids living on the streets,” she told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.

About 14,000 people are living on the streets of Rio de Janeiro, a city of about 6.5 million, according to data from the municipal government. That’s a sharp increase over a decade ago in a trend seen across Brazil’s other big cities, according to government data and community workers. In Sao Paulo, the number of people sleeping rough on the streets nearly doubled between 2000 and 2015 to 15,906 people, according to that city’s municipal government. Homelessness in Brazilian cities is generally defined as people who regularly sleep outside on the streets, rather than just those who lack a permanent address.

National housing initiatives such as Brazil’s multi-billion dollar “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” building program, which provided a lifeline to some homeless families, have been cut. “The waiting list for ‘Minha Casa, Minha Vida’ is huge,” said Gomes. “And the homeless shelters are so awful that people would rather stay on the street.” Other public services upon which the poor and homeless depend such as healthcare are also under strain, according to government officials and campaigners.

Chris Arsenault. www.reuters.com, 07.02.2017. Adaptado.

Texto 2
Number of rough sleepers in England rises for sixth successive year

The number of people sleeping rough in England has risen for the sixth year in a row, according to the latest official figures. An estimated 4,134 people bedded down outside in 2016, according to the snapshot survey, an increase of 16% on the previous year’s figure of 3,569, and more than double the 2010 figure.

John Healey, Labour’s housing spokesman, said: “This is a direct result of decisions made by Conservative Ministers: a steep drop in investment for affordable homes, crude cuts to housing benefit and reduced funding for homelessness services.”

UK nationals made up the biggest share of the total rough-sleeping figure, with 17% from European Union (EU) states and 5% from non-EU countries. Women made up 12% of rough sleepers.

Rough sleepers are defined for the purposes of official counts as people sleeping on the street and other places not designed for habitation. It does not include people in hostels or shelters or formal temporary accommodation.

Patrick Butler. www.theguardian.com, 25.01.2017. Adaptado.

Segundo o último parágrafo do texto 1, quais as quatro dificuldades que os moradores em situação de rua enfrentam no Brasil?

Questão 35678

(UNESP - 2017/2 - 2ª FASE)

Leia os textos 1 e 2 para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

Texto 1
In Brazil, recession and housing cuts push families onto the street

The country’s economic crisis and the high cost of living in big cities are forcing thousands onto the street, said Miriam Gomes, founder of Anjinho Feliz community center. She has never seen it this bad. “I’ve seen a 70 percent increase in the number of homeless over the last three years,” said Gomes, as volunteers buzzed around the center distributing food. “In the past, most homeless were adult males; now there are far more women and kids living on the streets,” she told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.

About 14,000 people are living on the streets of Rio de Janeiro, a city of about 6.5 million, according to data from the municipal government. That’s a sharp increase over a decade ago in a trend seen across Brazil’s other big cities, according to government data and community workers. In Sao Paulo, the number of people sleeping rough on the streets nearly doubled between 2000 and 2015 to 15,906 people, according to that city’s municipal government. Homelessness in Brazilian cities is generally defined as people who regularly sleep outside on the streets, rather than just those who lack a permanent address.

National housing initiatives such as Brazil’s multi-billion dollar “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” building program, which provided a lifeline to some homeless families, have been cut. “The waiting list for ‘Minha Casa, Minha Vida’ is huge,” said Gomes. “And the homeless shelters are so awful that people would rather stay on the street.” Other public services upon which the poor and homeless depend such as healthcare are also under strain, according to government officials and campaigners.

Chris Arsenault. www.reuters.com, 07.02.2017. Adaptado.

Texto 2
Number of rough sleepers in England rises for sixth successive year

The number of people sleeping rough in England has risen for the sixth year in a row, according to the latest official figures. An estimated 4,134 people bedded down outside in 2016, according to the snapshot survey, an increase of 16% on the previous year’s figure of 3,569, and more than double the 2010 figure.

John Healey, Labour’s housing spokesman, said: “This is a direct result of decisions made by Conservative Ministers: a steep drop in investment for affordable homes, crude cuts to housing benefit and reduced funding for homelessness services.”

UK nationals made up the biggest share of the total rough-sleeping figure, with 17% from European Union (EU) states and 5% from non-EU countries. Women made up 12% of rough sleepers.

Rough sleepers are defined for the purposes of official counts as people sleeping on the street and other places not designed for habitation. It does not include people in hostels or shelters or formal temporary accommodation.

Patrick Butler. www.theguardian.com, 25.01.2017. Adaptado.

Qual é a definição de morador em situação de rua no Brasil? E na Inglaterra?

Questão 35679

(UNESP - 2017/2 - 2ª FASE)

Leia os textos 1 e 2 para responder, em português, à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.

Texto 1
In Brazil, recession and housing cuts push families onto the street

The country’s economic crisis and the high cost of living in big cities are forcing thousands onto the street, said Miriam Gomes, founder of Anjinho Feliz community center. She has never seen it this bad. “I’ve seen a 70 percent increase in the number of homeless over the last three years,” said Gomes, as volunteers buzzed around the center distributing food. “In the past, most homeless were adult males; now there are far more women and kids living on the streets,” she told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.

About 14,000 people are living on the streets of Rio de Janeiro, a city of about 6.5 million, according to data from the municipal government. That’s a sharp increase over a decade ago in a trend seen across Brazil’s other big cities, according to government data and community workers. In Sao Paulo, the number of people sleeping rough on the streets nearly doubled between 2000 and 2015 to 15,906 people, according to that city’s municipal government. Homelessness in Brazilian cities is generally defined as people who regularly sleep outside on the streets, rather than just those who lack a permanent address.

National housing initiatives such as Brazil’s multi-billion dollar “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” building program, which provided a lifeline to some homeless families, have been cut. “The waiting list for ‘Minha Casa, Minha Vida’ is huge,” said Gomes. “And the homeless shelters are so awful that people would rather stay on the street.” Other public services upon which the poor and homeless depend such as healthcare are also under strain, according to government officials and campaigners.

Chris Arsenault. www.reuters.com, 07.02.2017. Adaptado.

Texto 2
Number of rough sleepers in England rises for sixth successive year

The number of people sleeping rough in England has risen for the sixth year in a row, according to the latest official figures. An estimated 4,134 people bedded down outside in 2016, according to the snapshot survey, an increase of 16% on the previous year’s figure of 3,569, and more than double the 2010 figure.

John Healey, Labour’s housing spokesman, said: “This is a direct result of decisions made by Conservative Ministers: a steep drop in investment for affordable homes, crude cuts to housing benefit and reduced funding for homelessness services.”

UK nationals made up the biggest share of the total rough-sleeping figure, with 17% from European Union (EU) states and 5% from non-EU countries. Women made up 12% of rough sleepers.

Rough sleepers are defined for the purposes of official counts as people sleeping on the street and other places not designed for habitation. It does not include people in hostels or shelters or formal temporary accommodation.

Patrick Butler. www.theguardian.com, 25.01.2017. Adaptado.

Segundo os textos, qual é a diferença entre a composição atual dos moradores em situação de rua no Brasil e no Reino Unido?