ITA 2014

Questão 37811

(EsPCEx - 2014)

Uma fibra óptica é um filamento flexível, transparente e cilíndrico, que possui uma estrutura simples composta por um núcleo de vidro, por onde a luz se propaga, e uma casca de vidro, ambos com índices de refração diferentes.

Um feixe de luz monocromático, que se propaga no interior do núcleo, sofre reflexão total na superfície de separação entre o núcleo e a casca segundo um ângulo de incidência á, conforme representado no desenho abaixo (corte longitudinal da fibra).

Com relação à reflexão total mencionada acima, são feitas as afirmativas abaixo.

I. O feixe luminoso propaga-se do meio menos refringente para o meio mais refringente.

II. Para que ela ocorra, o ângulo de incidência  deve ser inferior ao ângulo limite da superfície de separação entre o núcleo e a casca.

III. O ângulo limite da superfície de separação entre o núcleo e a casca depende do índice de refração do núcleo e da casca.

IV. O feixe luminoso não sofre refração na superfície de separação entre o núcleo e a casca.

Dentre as afirmativas acima, as únicas corretas são:

Questão 37941

[IME - 2014/2015 - 1a fase]

Um varal de roupas é constituído por um fio de comprimento 10,0 m e massa 2,5 kg, suspenso nas extremidades por duas hastes uniformes de 200 N de peso, com articulação nas bases, inclinadas de 45° em relação às bases e de iguais comprimentos. Um vento forte faz com que o fio vibre com pequena amplitude em seu quinto harmônico, sem alterar a posição das hastes. A frequência, em Hz, neste fio é 

Observação:

• a vibração no fio não provoca vibração nas hastes.

Questão 38082

(ESCOLA NAVAL - 2014) Um restaurante a quilo vende 200 quilos de comida por dia, a 40 reais o quilo. Uma pesquisa de opinião revelou que, a cada aumento de um real no preço do quilo, o restaurante perde 8 clientes por dia, com um consumo médio de 500 gramas cada. Qual deve ser o valor do quilo de comida, em reais, para que o restaurante tenha a maior receita possível por dia?

Questão 38120

(EsPCEx - 2014)

Brazil’s Rolezinhos – The Kids Are All Right

Shopping Metrô Itaquera, a gleaming mall amid the favelas (shantytowns) of eastern São Paulo, gained notoriety on January 11th, when the police used rubber bullets and tear gas to disperse a crowd of 3,000 youths. The youngsters were participating in a rolezinho, a gathering of tens, hundreds, and sometimes thousands of youngsters which is convened via social networks.

Mall owners and shopkeepers have reasons to be cautious. A few rolezinhos have led to muggings and robberies. But most do not end in Itaquera-like chaos: the word’s true meaning is closer to “little outing”. And theories that rolezeiros are class warriors or favela dwellers tired of the country’s veiled racism are not correct. “Their battle cry is not ‘Less oppression!’” says Renato Barreiros, who has directed a documentary about them. “It’s ‘More Adidas!’”

The point of a rolezinho is “to hang out, chill, buy nice things, meet people”, explains Vinicius Andrade, a 17-year-old from Capão Redondo, a favela in western São Paulo. He has taken part in 18 big rolezinhos and helped organise a few, drawing some of his 89,000 Facebook followers. His 15-year-old girlfriend, Yasmin Oliveira, a rolezeiro sweetheart with 94,000 fans of her own on the social network, says that shopping centres make good meeting places because they are safe – an important consideration in a crime-ridden city. There are few other public venues for kids, especially in poorer neighbourhoods.

As well as air conditioning, shopping centres also confer something no open-air space can: status. Rolezeiros enjoy walking around in a branded T-shirt and bermudas, with a pair of 400- reais ($170) shades perched on a baseball cap. Vinicius confesses to spending 800-1,000 reais a month on clothes and accessories, most of what he makes as a helper at a local Adventist church. Just 8% of Itaquera shoppers enjoy a monthly income in excess of 2,780 reais. Some rolezeiros support their flashy lifestyle by reselling outmoded attire to poorer neighbours.

Shopkeepers in the local malls have mixed feelings about the gatherings. On the one hand, the youngsters make ideal clients: they often pay cash and can spend 2,000-3,000 reais in one go. On the other, larger groups can scare away customers.

Adapted from http://www.economist.com

In the sentence "Some rolezeiros support their flashy lifestyle by reselling outmoded attire to poorer neighbours." (paragraph 4), the expression outmoded attire means

Questão 38121

(EsPCEx - 2014)

Brazil’s Rolezinhos – The Kids Are All Right

Shopping Metrô Itaquera, a gleaming mall amid the favelas (shantytowns) of eastern São Paulo, gained notoriety on January 11th, when the police used rubber bullets and tear gas to disperse a crowd of 3,000 youths. The youngsters were participating in a rolezinho, a gathering of tens, hundreds, and sometimes thousands of youngsters which is convened via social networks.

Mall owners and shopkeepers have reasons to be cautious. A few rolezinhos have led to muggings and robberies. But most do not end in Itaquera-like chaos: the word’s true meaning is closer to “little outing”. And theories that rolezeiros are class warriors or favela dwellers tired of the country’s veiled racism are not correct. “Their battle cry is not ‘Less oppression!’” says Renato Barreiros, who has directed a documentary about them. “It’s ‘More Adidas!’”

The point of a rolezinho is “to hang out, chill, buy nice things, meet people”, explains Vinicius Andrade, a 17-year-old from Capão Redondo, a favela in western São Paulo. He has taken part in 18 big rolezinhos and helped organise a few, drawing some of his 89,000 Facebook followers. His 15-year-old girlfriend, Yasmin Oliveira, a rolezeiro sweetheart with 94,000 fans of her own on the social network, says that shopping centres make good meeting places because they are safe – an important consideration in a crime-ridden city. There are few other public venues for kids, especially in poorer neighbourhoods.

As well as air conditioning, shopping centres also confer something no open-air space can: status. Rolezeiros enjoy walking around in a branded T-shirt and bermudas, with a pair of 400- reais ($170) shades perched on a baseball cap. Vinicius confesses to spending 800-1,000 reais a month on clothes and accessories, most of what he makes as a helper at a local Adventist church. Just 8% of Itaquera shoppers enjoy a monthly income in excess of 2,780 reais. Some rolezeiros support their flashy lifestyle by reselling outmoded attire to poorer neighbours.

Shopkeepers in the local malls have mixed feelings about the gatherings. On the one hand, the youngsters make ideal clients: they often pay cash and can spend 2,000-3,000 reais in one go. On the other, larger groups can scare away customers.

Adapted from http://www.economist.com

In the sentence "...shopping centres make good meeting places because they are safe..." (paragraph 3), the word they refers to

Questão 38122

(EsPCEx - 2014)

The Phenomenon of Candy Crush: Why Is the Game So Popular?

In 2012, Candy Crush was released on Facebook and was later converted to smartphone format for people to play on the go. In 2013, the game reached real prominence and became the most popular game on Facebook. It’s no surprise then that so many people play this game on their phones. Candy Crush Saga has changed the way many of us kill time on commutes, or even in the toilet. I don’t remember the last train journey I took where at least one person wasn’t playing Candy Crush on their phone. I’m sure almost every reader of this article will have either been invited or invited others to play Candy Crush via Facebook in an effort to get more lives or even levels.

Despite being incredibly similar to many games over the years, Candy Crush Saga has added new depth to the genre, with seemingly unlimited combinations of new scenarios and concepts. So, this mixture of simplicity and variety is what makes Candy Crush so unbelievably popular.

As a result, Candy Crush Saga shows no signs of slowing down. New levels are generally released via the Facebook version every three weeks, with new levels also being made frequently available for the smartphone version. With 6.7 million active users, the developers are rumoured to be earning $633,000 per day from Candy Crush users.

Adapted from http://metro.co.uk/2013/09/27/

In the sentence "Candy Crush Saga has changed the way many of us kill me on commutes..." (paragraph 1), the expression kill time on commutes means:

Questão 38123

(EsPCEx - 2014)

The Phenomenon of Candy Crush: Why Is the Game So Popular?

In 2012, Candy Crush was released on Facebook and was later converted to smartphone format for people to play on the go. In 2013, the game reached real prominence and became the most popular game on Facebook. It’s no surprise then that so many people play this game on their phones. Candy Crush Saga has changed the way many of us kill time on commutes, or even in the toilet. I don’t remember the last train journey I took where at least one person wasn’t playing Candy Crush on their phone. I’m sure almost every reader of this article will have either been invited or invited others to play Candy Crush via Facebook in an effort to get more lives or even levels.

Despite being incredibly similar to many games over the years, Candy Crush Saga has added new depth to the genre, with seemingly unlimited combinations of new scenarios and concepts. So, this mixture of simplicity and variety is what makes Candy Crush so unbelievably popular.

As a result, Candy Crush Saga shows no signs of slowing down. New levels are generally released via the Facebook version every three weeks, with new levels also being made frequently available for the smartphone version. With 6.7 million active users, the developers are rumoured to be earning $633,000 per day from Candy Crush users.

Adapted from http://metro.co.uk/2013/09/27/

In the sentence "I don't remember the last train journey I took where at least one person wasn't playing Candy Crush on their phone" (paragraph 1), the author means

Questão 38124

(EsPCEx - 2014)

The Phenomenon of Candy Crush: Why Is the Game So Popular?

In 2012, Candy Crush was released on Facebook and was later converted to smartphone format for people to play on the go. In 2013, the game reached real prominence and became the most popular game on Facebook. It’s no surprise then that so many people play this game on their phones. Candy Crush Saga has changed the way many of us kill time on commutes, or even in the toilet. I don’t remember the last train journey I took where at least one person wasn’t playing Candy Crush on their phone. I’m sure almost every reader of this article will have either been invited or invited others to play Candy Crush via Facebook in an effort to get more lives or even levels.

Despite being incredibly similar to many games over the years, Candy Crush Saga has added new depth to the genre, with seemingly unlimited combinations of new scenarios and concepts. So, this mixture of simplicity and variety is what makes Candy Crush so unbelievably popular.

As a result, Candy Crush Saga shows no signs of slowing down. New levels are generally released via the Facebook version every three weeks, with new levels also being made frequently available for the smartphone version. With 6.7 million active users, the developers are rumoured to be earning $633,000 per day from Candy Crush users.

Adapted from http://metro.co.uk/2013/09/27/

According to the text, the popularity of Candy Crush Saga is because

Questão 38372

(EsPCEx - 2014)

É correto afirmar, em relação à poesia do segundo momento modernista brasileiro, que 

Questão 38554

[IME- 2014/2015 - 2ª fase]

Os reagentes de Grignard são normalmente preparados pela reação de um haleto orgânico e magnésio metálico, em temperaturas não superiores a 50ºC. Das quatro reações indicadas abaixo, apenas duas ocorrem realmente.

Cite os dois reagentes de Grignard que são realmente formados. Considerando as reações desses reagentes com formaldeído em excesso, em solução de éter etílico e posterior acidificação, escreva as fórmulas estruturais dos alcoóis formados.