FUVEST 2015

Questão 53388

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Forget Texting While Driving: AT&T Survey reveals drivers do a lot more with their smartphones
By Menchie Mendoza, Tech Times | May 20, 10:10 AM

Drivers who continue to use their smartphones while driving are not only distracted when they call and text. Apart from calling and texting, drivers are also browsing the Internet, tweeting, video chatting, taking selfies and sending email with their devices, according to a study by AT&T.

The research was conducted as part of the carrier's "It Can Wait" campaign launched in 2010. It hopes to increase awareness of the dangers posed by using smartphones while one is behind the wheel. The study polled 2,067 U.S. residents ages 16-65 who use their smartphone and drive once or more per day.

Seventy percent of those surveyed admit they use their smartphones for a number of activities while they are driving: 61 percent say they text and 33 percent send email while they are behind the wheel. Posting or interacting on social media is also one of the most common activities that drivers engage in. Using Facebook ranks first on the list, with 27 percent of drivers logging in while driving. Other social media channels that keep drivers "multitasking" include Instagram and Twitter (14 percent) and Snapchat (11 percent).

The results also show that there is a deeper problem involved when people use social media while driving. Among those surveyed, 22 percent blame their addiction to social media.

Other revelations show 62 percent keep their smartphones within easy reach, and that 30 percent of those who post to Twitter while driving do it "all the time". Drivers also don't seem to run out of other activities using their smartphones since most apps are now easily accessed with just a simple tap. Because of this, 28 percent of drivers browse the web; 17 percent take selfies (or groupies); and 10 percent video chat.

"One in 10 say they do video chat while driving", said Lori Lee, AT&T's senior VP for global marketing. "I don't even have words for that". AT&T plans to expand the "It Can Wait" campaign in order to add more focus on the topic of texting while driving by including other driving distractions that result from using the smartphones. "When we launched 'It Can Wait' five years ago, we pleaded with people to realize that no text is worth a life", said Lee. "The same applies to other smartphone activities that people are doing while driving. For the sake of you and those around you, please keep your eyes on the road, not on your phone". AT&T will also launch a nationwide virtual reality tour in summer in order to spread the word that driving and using a smartphone don't and will never mix.

Adapted from <http://www.techtimes.com/>.

Consider the following statements about the AT&T study about the use of smartphones while driving:

1. More than two thousand residents in the United States were interviewed.
2. 70% of the people surveyed said they use smartphones to perform several activities.
3. Less than one tenth of the polled people said they use Snapchat.
4. About one third of the polled people said they send e-mails.
5. People said it is all right to use smartphones provided that they are able to multitask.

Which of the statements above are TRUE, according to the text?

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Questão 53390

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Forget Texting While Driving: AT&T Survey reveals drivers do a lot more with their smartphones
By Menchie Mendoza, Tech Times | May 20, 10:10 AM

Drivers who continue to use their smartphones while driving are not only distracted when they call and text. Apart from calling and texting, drivers are also browsing the Internet, tweeting, video chatting, taking selfies and sending email with their devices, according to a study by AT&T.

The research was conducted as part of the carrier's "It Can Wait" campaign launched in 2010. It hopes to increase awareness of the dangers posed by using smartphones while one is behind the wheel. The study polled 2,067 U.S. residents ages 16-65 who use their smartphone and drive once or more per day.

Seventy percent of those surveyed admit they use their smartphones for a number of activities while they are driving: 61 percent say they text and 33 percent send email while they are behind the wheel. Posting or interacting on social media is also one of the most common activities that drivers engage in. Using Facebook ranks first on the list, with 27 percent of drivers logging in while driving. Other social media channels that keep drivers "multitasking" include Instagram and Twitter (14 percent) and Snapchat (11 percent).

The results also show that there is a deeper problem involved when people use social media while driving. Among those surveyed, 22 percent blame their addiction to social media.

Other revelations show 62 percent keep their smartphones within easy reach, and that 30 percent of those who post to Twitter while driving do it "all the time". Drivers also don't seem to run out of other activities using their smartphones since most apps are now easily accessed with just a simple tap. Because of this, 28 percent of drivers browse the web; 17 percent take selfies (or groupies); and 10 percent video chat.

"One in 10 say they do video chat while driving", said Lori Lee, AT&T's senior VP for global marketing. "I don't even have words for that". AT&T plans to expand the "It Can Wait" campaign in order to add more focus on the topic of texting while driving by including other driving distractions that result from using the smartphones. "When we launched 'It Can Wait' five years ago, we pleaded with people to realize that no text is worth a life", said Lee. "The same applies to other smartphone activities that people are doing while driving. For the sake of you and those around you, please keep your eyes on the road, not on your phone". AT&T will also launch a nationwide virtual reality tour in summer in order to spread the word that driving and using a smartphone don't and will never mix.

Adapted from <http://www.techtimes.com/>.

The word “they”, in boldface and italics, last paragraph, refers to:

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Questão 53393

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Forget Texting While Driving: AT&T Survey reveals drivers do a lot more with their smartphones
By Menchie Mendoza, Tech Times | May 20, 10:10 AM

Drivers who continue to use their smartphones while driving are not only distracted when they call and text. Apart from calling and texting, drivers are also browsing the Internet, tweeting, video chatting, taking selfies and sending email with their devices, according to a study by AT&T.

The research was conducted as part of the carrier's "It Can Wait" campaign launched in 2010. It hopes to increase awareness of the dangers posed by using smartphones while one is behind the wheel. The study polled 2,067 U.S. residents ages 16-65 who use their smartphone and drive once or more per day.

Seventy percent of those surveyed admit they use their smartphones for a number of activities while they are driving: 61 percent say they text and 33 percent send email while they are behind the wheel. Posting or interacting on social media is also one of the most common activities that drivers engage in. Using Facebook ranks first on the list, with 27 percent of drivers logging in while driving. Other social media channels that keep drivers "multitasking" include Instagram and Twitter (14 percent) and Snapchat (11 percent).

The results also show that there is a deeper problem involved when people use social media while driving. Among those surveyed, 22 percent blame their addiction to social media.

Other revelations show 62 percent keep their smartphones within easy reach, and that 30 percent of those who post to Twitter while driving do it "all the time". Drivers also don't seem to run out of other activities using their smartphones since most apps are now easily accessed with just a simple tap. Because of this, 28 percent of drivers browse the web; 17 percent take selfies (or groupies); and 10 percent video chat.

"One in 10 say they do video chat while driving", said Lori Lee, AT&T's senior VP for global marketing. "I don't even have words for that". AT&T plans to expand the "It Can Wait" campaign in order to add more focus on the topic of texting while driving by including other driving distractions that result from using the smartphones. "When we launched 'It Can Wait' five years ago, we pleaded with people to realize that no text is worth a life", said Lee. "The same applies to other smartphone activities that people are doing while driving. For the sake of you and those around you, please keep your eyes on the road, not on your phone". AT&T will also launch a nationwide virtual reality tour in summer in order to spread the word that driving and using a smartphone don't and will never mix.

Adapted from <http://www.techtimes.com/>.

Because of the results of its survey, AT&T is planning:

1. to expand its campaign and include other smartphone distractions.
2. to expand its campaign to other parts of the world.
3. to improve smartphone use with new apps.
4. to invest in a virtual reality tour as part of their awareness efforts.

According to the text, the correct items are:

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Questão 53408

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Voices: The Pope's powerful message to Cubans
Rick Jervis, September 24, 2015

SANTIAGO DE CUBA – I’ve always been fairly skeptical about how much power one man can exercise, even if that man commands the attention of 1.2 billion Roman Catholics.

I understand that Pope John Paul II visited Poland in the 1970s and ‘80s and gave speeches so stirring that they helped launch the Solidarity opposition movement and lead to the collapse of communism in the country. And I know that popes throughout history have had influential moments.

But, really, how much can one man and one microphone do? How literally do people take his message? These were the questions that kept my mind busy when I left for Cuba last week to cover Pope Francis’ four-day trip. I was curious to see how much impact the words of this 78-year-old man can have on a population of 11 million.

I’m becoming fairly familiar with Cuba. I’ve been to the island three times this year, five times overall, and grew up in southern Florida. My parents are Cubans who left the country in 1962. Cuba today continues to fascinate and dismay. It’s a place of beauty and jolting contradictions. The re-establishment of relations between the U.S. and Cuban governments, begun last December, continue to stir excitement and hope in Cubans, and changes are trickling in.

I followed Pope Francis from Havana to Santiago and heard him talk of reconciliation, love for mankind and the importance of family. I interviewed Cubans who glowed with the fervor of the faithful as they pledged their love for the Pope and promised to follow his message. But my question remained: What does all of this mean? How does it translate to actual change on the island?

To help me sort through this, I visited Father Jorge Catasus, a popular parish priest here who helped welcome the Pope to the city. We sat in the cool, cavernous back room of his 18th-century church, safe from the 37-degree heat outside. Catasus said “don't focus on any grand political or social changes stemming from the papal visit”. The most important changes, he said, come from within. That’s what Pope Francis offered as a first step, and that’s what Cubans across the island, in chants, cheers and tearful acceptance, agreed to abide by.

“The lives of men are decided in their hearts”, Catasus told me. “That’s where we’ll see the change”. This may not be 1980s Poland, and Solidarity may still not be anywhere in sight. But first things first. A change of heart can often lead to a world of good.

Adapted from <http://www.usatoday.com/>.

Concerning the author of the text, identify the statements below as true (T) or false (F):

(    ) He was raised in the south of Florida, USA.
(    ) His parents are Cubans who left the country and moved to the USA.
(    ) He feels fascinated by the beauty and contradictions of Cuba.
(    ) He considers that Cubans are not interested about the re-establishment of relations with the USA.
(    ) He was born in 1962 when his parents left Cuba.

Mark the alternative which presents the correct sequence, from top to bottom.

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Questão 53410

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Voices: The Pope's powerful message to Cubans
Rick Jervis, September 24, 2015

SANTIAGO DE CUBA – I’ve always been fairly skeptical about how much power one man can exercise, even if that man commands the attention of 1.2 billion Roman Catholics.

I understand that Pope John Paul II visited Poland in the 1970s and ‘80s and gave speeches so stirring that they helped launch the Solidarity opposition movement and lead to the collapse of communism in the country. And I know that popes throughout history have had influential moments.

But, really, how much can one man and one microphone do? How literally do people take his message? These were the questions that kept my mind busy when I left for Cuba last week to cover Pope Francis’ four-day trip. I was curious to see how much impact the words of this 78-year-old man can have on a population of 11 million.

I’m becoming fairly familiar with Cuba. I’ve been to the island three times this year, five times overall, and grew up in southern Florida. My parents are Cubans who left the country in 1962. Cuba today continues to fascinate and dismay. It’s a place of beauty and jolting contradictions. The re-establishment of relations between the U.S. and Cuban governments, begun last December, continue to stir excitement and hope in Cubans, and changes are trickling in.

I followed Pope Francis from Havana to Santiago and heard him talk of reconciliation, love for mankind and the importance of family. I interviewed Cubans who glowed with the fervor of the faithful as they pledged their love for the Pope and promised to follow his message. But my question remained: What does all of this mean? How does it translate to actual change on the island?

To help me sort through this, I visited Father Jorge Catasus, a popular parish priest here who helped welcome the Pope to the city. We sat in the cool, cavernous back room of his 18th-century church, safe from the 37-degree heat outside. Catasus said “don't focus on any grand political or social changes stemming from the papal visit”. The most important changes, he said, come from within. That’s what Pope Francis offered as a first step, and that’s what Cubans across the island, in chants, cheers and tearful acceptance, agreed to abide by.

“The lives of men are decided in their hearts”, Catasus told me. “That’s where we’ll see the change”. This may not be 1980s Poland, and Solidarity may still not be anywhere in sight. But first things first. A change of heart can often lead to a world of good.

Adapted from <http://www.usatoday.com/>.

Consider the following statements about what the author of the text did in the island during the Pope’s visit:

1. He visited a priest who also gave speeches during the Pope’s stay in Cuba.
2. He talked to the Cuban people and observed their faith.
3. In order to escape from the warm weather, he decided to go to an old church.
4. He followed Pope Francis and heard his speeches.

Which of the statements above are TRUE, according to the text?

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Questão 53414

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Voices: The Pope's powerful message to Cubans
Rick Jervis, September 24, 2015

SANTIAGO DE CUBA – I’ve always been fairly skeptical about how much power one man can exercise, even if that man commands the attention of 1.2 billion Roman Catholics.

I understand that Pope John Paul II visited Poland in the 1970s and ‘80s and gave speeches so stirring that they helped launch the Solidarity opposition movement and lead to the collapse of communism in the country. And I know that popes throughout history have had influential moments.

But, really, how much can one man and one microphone do? How literally do people take his message? These were the questions that kept my mind busy when I left for Cuba last week to cover Pope Francis’ four-day trip. I was curious to see how much impact the words of this 78-year-old man can have on a population of 11 million.

I’m becoming fairly familiar with Cuba. I’ve been to the island three times this year, five times overall, and grew up in southern Florida. My parents are Cubans who left the country in 1962. Cuba today continues to fascinate and dismay. It’s a place of beauty and jolting contradictions. The re-establishment of relations between the U.S. and Cuban governments, begun last December, continue to stir excitement and hope in Cubans, and changes are trickling in.

I followed Pope Francis from Havana to Santiago and heard him talk of reconciliation, love for mankind and the importance of family. I interviewed Cubans who glowed with the fervor of the faithful as they pledged their love for the Pope and promised to follow his message. But my question remained: What does all of this mean? How does it translate to actual change on the island?

To help me sort through this, I visited Father Jorge Catasus, a popular parish priest here who helped welcome the Pope to the city. We sat in the cool, cavernous back room of his 18th-century church, safe from the 37-degree heat outside. Catasus said “don't focus on any grand political or social changes stemming from the papal visit”. The most important changes, he said, come from within. That’s what Pope Francis offered as a first step, and that’s what Cubans across the island, in chants, cheers and tearful acceptance, agreed to abide by.

“The lives of men are decided in their hearts”, Catasus told me. “That’s where we’ll see the change”. This may not be 1980s Poland, and Solidarity may still not be anywhere in sight. But first things first. A change of heart can often lead to a world of good.

Adapted from <http://www.usatoday.com/>.

According to the text, Jorge Catasus is:

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Questão 53416

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Voices: The Pope's powerful message to Cubans
Rick Jervis, September 24, 2015

SANTIAGO DE CUBA – I’ve always been fairly skeptical about how much power one man can exercise, even if that man commands the attention of 1.2 billion Roman Catholics.

I understand that Pope John Paul II visited Poland in the 1970s and ‘80s and gave speeches so stirring that they helped launch the Solidarity opposition movement and lead to the collapse of communism in the country. And I know that popes throughout history have had influential moments.

But, really, how much can one man and one microphone do? How literally do people take his message? These were the questions that kept my mind busy when I left for Cuba last week to cover Pope Francis’ four-day trip. I was curious to see how much impact the words of this 78-year-old man can have on a population of 11 million.

I’m becoming fairly familiar with Cuba. I’ve been to the island three times this year, five times overall, and grew up in southern Florida. My parents are Cubans who left the country in 1962. Cuba today continues to fascinate and dismay. It’s a place of beauty and jolting contradictions. The re-establishment of relations between the U.S. and Cuban governments, begun last December, continue to stir excitement and hope in Cubans, and changes are trickling in.

I followed Pope Francis from Havana to Santiago and heard him talk of reconciliation, love for mankind and the importance of family. I interviewed Cubans who glowed with the fervor of the faithful as they pledged their love for the Pope and promised to follow his message. But my question remained: What does all of this mean? How does it translate to actual change on the island?

To help me sort through this, I visited Father Jorge Catasus, a popular parish priest here who helped welcome the Pope to the city. We sat in the cool, cavernous back room of his 18th-century church, safe from the 37-degree heat outside. Catasus said “don't focus on any grand political or social changes stemming from the papal visit”. The most important changes, he said, come from within. That’s what Pope Francis offered as a first step, and that’s what Cubans across the island, in chants, cheers and tearful acceptance, agreed to abide by.

“The lives of men are decided in their hearts”, Catasus told me. “That’s where we’ll see the change”. This may not be 1980s Poland, and Solidarity may still not be anywhere in sight. But first things first. A change of heart can often lead to a world of good.

Adapted from <http://www.usatoday.com/>.

According to the text, in the beginning the writer was skeptical about the results of the Pope’s visit to Cuba because:

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Questão 53430

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Leia o seguinte diálogo entre os personagens Simei e Colonna, no romance Número Zero, de Umberto Eco:

– Colonna, exemplifique para os nossos amigos como é que se pode seguir, ou dar mostras de seguir, um princípio fundamental do jornalismo democrático: fatos separados de opiniões. Opiniões no Amanhã [nome do jornal] haverá inúmeras, e evidenciadas como tais, mas como é que se demonstra que em outros artigos são citados apenas fatos?

– Muito simples – disse eu. – Observem os grandes jornais de língua inglesa. Quando falam, sei lá, de um incêndio ou de um acidente de carro, evidentemente não podem dizer o que acham daquilo. Então inserem no artigo, entre aspas, as declarações de uma testemunha, um homem comum, um representante da opinião pública. Pondo-se aspas, essas afirmações se tornam fatos, ou seja, é um fato que aquele sujeito tenha expressado tal opinião. Mas seria possível supor que o jornalista tivesse dado a palavra somente a quem pensasse como ele. Portanto, haverá duas declarações discordantes entre si, para mostrar que é fato que há opiniões diferentes sobre um caso, e o jornal expõe esse fato irretorquível. A esperteza está em pôr antes entre aspas uma opinião banal e depois outra opinião, mais racional, que se assemelhe muito à opinião do jornalista. Assim o leitor tem a impressão de estar sendo informado de dois fatos, mas é induzido a aceitar uma única opinião como a mais convincente. Vamos ver um exemplo. Um viaduto desmoronou, um caminhão caiu e o motorista morreu. O texto, depois de relatar rigorosamente o fato, dirá: Ouvimos o senhor Rossi, 42 anos, que tem uma banca de jornal na esquina. Fazer o quê, foi uma fatalidade, disse ele, sinto pena desse coitado, mas destino é destino. Logo depois um senhor Bianchi, 34 anos, pedreiro que estava trabalhando numa obra ao lado, dirá: É culpa da prefeitura, que esse viaduto estava com problemas eu já sabia há muito tempo. Com quem o leitor se identificará? Com quem culpa alguém ou alguma coisa, com quem aponta responsabilidade. Está claro? O problema é no quê e como pôr aspas.

ECO, Umberto. Número Zero. Rio de Janeiro: Record, 2015, p. 55-6.

Segundo o texto, são estratégias utilizadas pelos jornais ao fazer citações:

1. Escolher criteriosamente as citações das testemunhas para contemplar pontos de vista divergentes sobre um mesmo fato.
2. Salientar os pontos de vista que mais interessam ao jornalista.
3. Redigir as notícias de tal forma que as opiniões sejam apresentadas como fatos.
4. Citar em primeiro lugar as palavras da testemunha que faz uma análise mais racional dos acontecimentos.

Estão de acordo com o texto as estratégias:

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Questão 53432

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Leia o seguinte diálogo entre os personagens Simei e Colonna, no romance Número Zero, de Umberto Eco:

– Colonna, exemplifique para os nossos amigos como é que se pode seguir, ou dar mostras de seguir, um princípio fundamental do jornalismo democrático: fatos separados de opiniões. Opiniões no Amanhã [nome do jornal] haverá inúmeras, e evidenciadas como tais, mas como é que se demonstra que em outros artigos são citados apenas fatos?

– Muito simples – disse eu. – Observem os grandes jornais de língua inglesa. Quando falam, sei lá, de um incêndio ou de um acidente de carro, evidentemente não podem dizer o que acham daquilo. Então inserem no artigo, entre aspas, as declarações de uma testemunha, um homem comum, um representante da opinião pública. Pondo-se aspas, essas afirmações se tornam fatos, ou seja, é um fato que aquele sujeito tenha expressado tal opinião. Mas seria possível supor que o jornalista tivesse dado a palavra somente a quem pensasse como ele. Portanto, haverá duas declarações discordantes entre si, para mostrar que é fato que há opiniões diferentes sobre um caso, e o jornal expõe esse fato irretorquível. A esperteza está em pôr antes entre aspas uma opinião banal e depois outra opinião, mais racional, que se assemelhe muito à opinião do jornalista. Assim o leitor tem a impressão de estar sendo informado de dois fatos, mas é induzido a aceitar uma única opinião como a mais convincente. Vamos ver um exemplo. Um viaduto desmoronou, um caminhão caiu e o motorista morreu. O texto, depois de relatar rigorosamente o fato, dirá: Ouvimos o senhor Rossi, 42 anos, que tem uma banca de jornal na esquina. Fazer o quê, foi uma fatalidade, disse ele, sinto pena desse coitado, mas destino é destino. Logo depois um senhor Bianchi, 34 anos, pedreiro que estava trabalhando numa obra ao lado, dirá: É culpa da prefeitura, que esse viaduto estava com problemas eu já sabia há muito tempo. Com quem o leitor se identificará? Com quem culpa alguém ou alguma coisa, com quem aponta responsabilidade. Está claro? O problema é no quê e como pôr aspas.

ECO, Umberto. Número Zero. Rio de Janeiro: Record, 2015, p. 55-6.

Assinale a alternativa correta sobre afirmações encontradas no texto.

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Questão 53435

(UFPR - 2015 - 1ª FASE)

Vontade de punir

Deu no Datafolha que 87% dos brasileiros querem baixar a maioridade penal. Maiorias assim robustas, que já são raras em questões sociais, ficam ainda mais intrigantes quando se considera que, entre especialistas, o assunto é controverso. Como explicar o fenômeno?

Estamos aqui diante de um dos mais fascinantes aspectos da natureza. Se você pretende produzir seres sociais, precisa encontrar um modo de fazer com que eles colaborem uns com os outros e, ao mesmo tempo, se protejam dos indivíduos dispostos a explorá-los. A fórmula que a evolução encontrou para equacionar esse e outros dilemas foi embalar regras de conduta em instintos, emoções e sentimentos que provocam ações que funcionam em mais instâncias do que não funcionam.

Assim, para evitar a superexploração pelos semelhantes, desenvolvemos verdadeiro horror àquilo que percebemos como injustiças. Na prática, isso se traduz no impulso que temos de punir quem tenta levar vantagem indevida. Quando não podemos castigá-los diretamente, torcemos para que levem a pior, o que, além de garantir o sucesso de filmes de Hollywood, torna a justiça retributiva algo popular em nossa espécie.

Isso, porém, é só parte do problema. Uma sociedade pautada apenas pelo ideal de justiça soçobraria. Se cada mínima ofensa exigisse imediata reparação e todos tivessem de ser tratados de forma rigorosamente idêntica, a vida comunitária seria impossível. A natureza resolve isso com sentimentos como amor e favoritismo, que permitem, entre outras coisas, que mães prefiram seus próprios filhos aos de desconhecidos.

Nas sociedades primitivas, bandos de 200 pessoas onde todos tinham algum grau de parentesco, o sistema funcionava razoavelmente bem. Os ímpetos da justiça retributiva eram modulados pela empatia familiar. Agora que vivemos em grupos de milhões sem vínculos pessoais, a vontade de punir impera inconteste.

SCHWARTSMAN, Hélio. Folhaonline, em 24 jun. 2015.

Assinale a alternativa que resume um posicionamento do autor do texto.

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