FUVEST 2017

Questão 54087

(UFPR - 2017 - 1ª FASE)

Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040

Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany.

Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory.

The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than conventional vehicles.

The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050.

Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues.

The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year.

The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.

“We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.

Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.

The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities.

(Disponível: <http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html>. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.)

Com base no texto, considere as seguintes afirmativas:

1. No primeiro parágrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (“it”) refere-se ao Reino Unido.
2. No segundo parágrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (“they”) refere-se a “electric, fuel cell and pug-in hybrid cars”.
3. No terceiro parágrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (“they”) refere-se a “conventional vehicles”.
4. No oitavo parágrafo, a palavra “we” em negrito e sublinhada refere-se ao governo da França.

Assinale a alternativa correta.

Questão 54088

(UFPR - 2017 - 1ª FASE)

Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040

Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the country’s air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. “We can’t carry on with diesel and petrol cars”, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. “There is no alternative to embracing new technology”. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany.

Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory.

The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once they're cheaper to own than conventional vehicles.

The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly £1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050.

Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, “accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation”. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues.

The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Union’s annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to King’s College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year.

The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech.

“We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology”, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines.

Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030.

The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities.

(Disponível: <http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html>. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.)

Consider the following excerpt taken from the text:

British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market.

Choose the alternative that conveys the same meaning of the excerpt above.

Questão 54236

(FATEC - 2017/1)

Considere o cartum.

De acordo com o texto do cartum,

Questão 54245

(UNIGRANRIO - 2017) 

Gases ideais são aqueles nos quais as interações entre átomos, íons ou moléculas em suas constituições são desprezadas e esse comportamento se intensifica em pressões baixas. Na descrição desses gases a equação de estado para gases perfeitos é a mais adequada. Considere uma quantidade de matéria de 2,5 mols de um gás de comportamento ideal que ocupa um volume de 50 L à pressão de 1246 mmHg. A temperatura desse gás nas condições citadas será de:

Dado: R= 62,3 mmHg.L/K.mol

Questão 54334

(Uel 2017) Otávio tornou-se o primeiro imperador no período do alto império romano e a Pax romana impôs militarmente seu domínio hegemônico no cotidiano de diferentes povos da região norte da África e de grande parte da Europa.
Com base nos conhecimentos sobre o Império Romano sob o governo de Otávio, considere as afirmativas a seguir.

I. Quando Otávio se tornou o primeiro romano a congregar o título de Augusto, implantou-se o culto ao governante, diferentemente dos dirigentes anteriores.
II. Otávio buscou interferir no cotidiano dos romanos ao incentivar a constituição de famílias numerosas e impor punição às mulheres adúlteras.
III. Sob seu governo, estabeleceu-se uma diferença dos governos anteriores pelo sistema de coleta de impostos, pois o Estado assumiu o papel que era dos publicanos.
IV. A organização social dos romanos distribuído em ordens sociais foi revisada e implantou-se a hereditariedade como critério privilegiado da diferenciação.

Assinale a alternativa correta. 

Questão 54396

(UPE SSA - 2017)

Leia o texto a seguir:

O exemplo dos filósofos gregos nos deixou uma grande lição: nunca se conformar com as estruturas existentes como se fossem as únicas possíveis. Quem quer ser criativo no seu momento histórico deve refletir atenta e criticamente: é preciso filosofar. Filosofar é preciso para participar criativamente da luta pela humanização.

(CORDI, Cassiano e Outros. Para Filosofar, 2000, p. 18)

No tocante ao pensamento grego, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.

Questão 54470

(FAMEMA - 2017)

A visão mais comum que temos da Terra, vista do espaço sideral, esconde sua forma e sua superfície irregulares. Dentre as superfícies terrestres observadas na imagem analisada, é correto afirmar que a superfície

Questão 54491

(UFJF-pism 2 (2017))

O gráfico abaixo mostra a variação da temperatura de um corpo de 20g em função da quantidade de calor a ele fornecida. Durante o processo, o corpo sofre uma transição de fase, passando do estado sólido para o estado líquido.

Assinale a alternativa CORRETA:

Questão 54619

(MACKENZIE - 2017/ adaptada)

Ondas do Mar de Vigo

Ondas do mar de Vigo,

se vistes meu amigo!

E ai, Deus!, se verrá cedo!

Ondas do mar levado,

se vistes meu amado!

E ai Deus!, se verrá cedo!

Se vistes meu amigo,

o por que eu sospiro!

E ai Deus!, se verrá cedo!

Se vistes meu amado,

por que hei gran cuidado!

E ai Deus!, se verrá cedo!

Martim Codax

Pode-se afirmar que pertence ao mesmo tipo de poema trovadoresco de “Ondas do mar de Vigo” APENAS a alternativa: 

Questão 54655

(IFSP - 2017)

O planeta Terra pertence ao nosso Sistema Solar. Segundo a Comunidade científica, estima-se que o planeta Terra tenha cerca de 4 bilhões e 500milhões de anos.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta como tal número é escrito.