ITA 2021

Questão 57784

(ITA - 2021)

A Análise Termogravimétrica (TGA) é uma técnica empregada para avaliar o comportamento térmico de amostras mensurando a variação da massa. A figura mostra a curva de TGA típica para o oxalato de cálcio monohidratado, submetido a uma taxa constante de aquecimento, sob fluxo de um gás inerte.

Com base nessa figura e sabendo que a massa inicial corresponde a 100%, é ERRADO afirmar que

Questão 57785

(ITA - 2021 - 1ª FASE)

Text III

When my family first moved to North Carolina, we lived in a rented house three blocks from the school where I would begin the third grade. My mother made friends with one of the neighbors, but one seemed enough for her. Within a year we would move again and, as she explained, there wasn't much point in getting too close to people we would have to say good-bye to. Our next house was less than a mile away, and the short journey would hardly merit tears or even good-byes, for that matter. It was more of a "see you later" situation, but still I adopted my mother's attitude, as it allowed me to pretend that not making friends was a conscious choice. I could if I wanted to. It just wasn't the right time.

Back in New York State, we had lived in the country, with no sidewalks or streetlights; you could leave the house and still be alone. But here, when you looked out the window, you saw other houses, and people inside those houses. I hoped that in walking around after dark I might witness a murder, but for the most part our neighbors just sat in their living rooms, watching TV. The only place that seemed truly different was owned by a man named Mr. Tomkey, who did not believe in television [...].

To say that you did not believe in television was different from saying that you did not care for it. Belief implied that television had a master plan and that you were against it. It also suggested that you thought too much. When my mother reported that Mr. Tomkey did not believe in television, my father said, "Well, good for him. I don't know that I believe in it, either."

"That's exactly how I feel," my mother said, and then my parents watched the news, and whatever came on after the news.

SEDARIS, David. Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim. Recurso eletrônico. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2004, p. 5.

Os fatos apresentados pelo narrador no terceiro e no quarto parágrafos expressam:

Questão 57786

(ITA - 2021)

Considere as seguintes proposições sobre processos termodinâmicos:

I. A entropia permanece constante em um sistema fechado que sofre a ação de um processo reversível.

II. A variação de entropia é nula dentro do sistema quando ele opera em um ciclo de Carnot.

III. O valor absoluto da variação da energia interna de uma gás ideal numa expansão reversível adiabática é maior que numa expansão reversível isotérmica.

IV. Energia interna é uma propriedade cuja variação pode ser medida pelo trabalho adiabático realizado entre dois estados.

Das afirmações acima, está(ão) ERRADA(S) apenas

Questão 57787

(ITA - 2021 - 1ª FASE)

When my family first moved to North Carolina, we lived in a rented house three blocks from the school where I would begin the third grade. My mother made friends with one of the neighbors, but one seemed enough for her. Within a year we would move again and, as she explained, there wasn't much point in getting too close to people we would have to say good-bye to. Our next house was less than a mile away, and the short journey would hardly merit tears or even good-byes, for that matter. It was more of a "see you later" situation, but still I adopted my mother's attitude, as it allowed me to pretend that not making friends was a conscious choice. I could if I wanted to. It just wasn't the right time.

Back in New York State, we had lived in the country, with no sidewalks or streetlights; you could leave the house and still be alone. But here, when you looked out the window, you saw other houses, and people inside those houses. I hoped that in walking around after dark I might witness a murder, but for the most part our neighbors just sat in their living rooms, watching TV. The only place that seemed truly different was owned by a man named Mr. Tomkey, who did not believe in television [...].

To say that you did not believe in television was different from saying that you did not care for it. Belief implied that television had a master plan and that you were against it. It also suggested that you thought too much. When my mother reported that Mr. Tomkey did not believe in television, my father said, "Well, good for him. I don't know that I believe in it, either."

"That's exactly how I feel," my mother said, and then my parents watched the news, and whatever came on after the news.

SEDARIS, David. Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim. Recurso eletrônico. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2004, p. 5.

O trecho destacado do segundo parágrafo, "I hoped that in walking around after dark I might witness a murder, but for the most part our neighbors just sat in their living rooms, watching TV.", poderia ser mais bem traduzido, sem perda de sentido como:

Questão 57788

(ITA - 2021- 1^a Fase)

As fases condensadas da matéria são consequência da ação de forças que atuam entre os átomos, íons e moléculas. Com base em seus conhecimentos sobre o tema, considere as proposições abaixo:

(1) O ponto de fusão do argônio é menor que o do xenônio em uma mesma pressão.

(2) A pressão de vapor do dimetilpropano é maior que a do pentano.

(3) O valor absoluto da energia potencial de interação entra a molécula da água e o Ca²⁺ é menor do que entre a molécula de água e o Al³⁺.

(4) O valor absoluto da energia potencial de interação entre a molécula de água e o Ga³⁺ é maior do que entre a molécula de água e o Al³⁺.

A soma dos números associados às proposições ERRADAS é igual a

Questão 57789

(ITA - 2021 - 1ª FASE)

When my family first moved to North Carolina, we lived in a rented house three blocks from the school where I would begin the third grade. My mother made friends with one of the neighbors, but one seemed enough for her. Within a year we would move again and, as she explained, there wasn't much point in getting too close to people we would have to say good-bye to. Our next house was less than a mile away, and the short journey would hardly merit tears or even good-byes, for that matter. It was more of a "see you later" situation, but still I adopted my mother's attitude, as it allowed me to pretend that not making friends was a conscious choice. I could if I wanted to. It just wasn't the right time.

Back in New York State, we had lived in the country, with no sidewalks or streetlights; you could leave the house and still be alone. But here, when you looked out the window, you saw other houses, and people inside those houses. I hoped that in walking around after dark I might witness a murder, but for the most part our neighbors just sat in their living rooms, watching TV. The only place that seemed truly different was owned by a man named Mr. Tomkey, who did not believe in television [...].

To say that you did not believe in television was different from saying that you did not care for it. Belief implied that television had a master plan and that you were against it. It also suggested that you thought too much. When my mother reported that Mr. Tomkey did not believe in television, my father said, "Well, good for him. I don't know that I believe in it, either."

"That's exactly how I feel," my mother said, and then my parents watched the news, and whatever came on after the news.

SEDARIS, David. Dress Your Family in Corduroy and Denim. Recurso eletrônico. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2004, p. 5.

O termo still, destacado no trecho do primeiro parágrafo, "It was more of a 'see you later' situation, but still I adopted my mother's attitude [...]", transmite a ideia de:

Questão 57790

(ITA - 2021- 1^a Fase)

Numa titulação de oxirredução, 50,00 mL de uma solução ácida de Fe(NO₃)₂ a 0,38 mol.L^-1 foi titulada com uma solução padronizada de permanganato de potássio a 4,2 x 10^-2 mol.L^-1, até que a solução resultante adquirisse leve coloração rósea. Sobre esta titulação, são feitas as seguintes afirmações:

(1) O volume de solução de permanganato de potássio gasto na titulação foi de 100 mL.

(2) O menor coeficiente estequiométrico inteiro para Fe²⁺ na reação redox balanceada é 7.

(3) No ponto final, o volume total da solução será de 120 mL.

(4) Um precipitado sólido de cor esverdeada será observado como produto dessa reação.

(5) O número total de elétrons envolvidos na reação redox é 22 milimols.

(6)A razão entre os volumes do titulante e do titulado no ponto final é 2,1.

A soma dos números associados às afirmações CORRETAS é igual a

Questão 57791

(ITA - 2021- 1^a Fase)

Considerando os átomos de F mais afastados um do outro, assinale a opção que apresenta as moléculas na ordem de maior para menor ângulo da ligação F - Y - F (Y = S, Cl ou Xe).

Dados:

números atômicos (Z): F = 9 ; S = 16 ; Cl = 17 ; Xe = 54.

Questão 57792

(ITA - 2021- 1^a Fase)

Considere as proposições abaixo:

(1) A intensidade da luz depende da frequência ou do comprimento de onda da radiação empregada.

(2) Dentre as cores do espectro visível, a azul é a que possui maior intensidade devido ao seu menor comprimento de onda.

(3) Dentro do espectro visível, a luz vermelha é a radiação que possui o menor comprimento de onda.

(4) O estado do elétron em um átomo é completamente definido pelos números quânticos n, l, m_l.

(5) A configuração eletrônica dos átomos é determinada pelo princípio da construção, pelo princípio da exclusão de Pauli e pela regra de Hund.

(6) Na tabela periódica, os pares de elementos com relação diagonal geralmente exibem propriedades químicas semelhantes.

A soma dos números associados às sentenças ERRADAS é igual a

Questão 57793

(ITA - 2021- 1^a Fase)

Assinale a opção que apresenta a afirmação ERRADA sobre processos de oxidação e redução.